Table 3.
Comparison of PPI utilization variables between studies
| Author | Country | Observation period | % of population representation | Number or % of PPI users | Mean (SD)/median (IQR) age at treatment initiation | Sex (%) Female|male |
Annual incidence rate Annual prevalence rate |
% of long-term user | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daniels et al. (2020) [26] | Australia | 1 July 2013–30 June 2016 | 100% | > 12% of the Australian population (2014 between 2016) | 52 (IQR: 36–65) | 60 | 40 |
3.9 per 100 persons (in 2016) 12.6 per 100 persons (in 2016) |
25% (≥ 12 weeks) 16% (≥ 1 year) |
| 2 | Gendre et al. (2022) [33] | France | 2017–2020 | Represents the Pays de la Loire area | NA |
67.4 (incident chronic users) 70.8 (prevalent chronic users) |
54 | 46 (incident chronic users) 54 | 46 (prevalent chronic users) |
1.2–2% 4.2–4.4% |
NA |
| 3 | Hálfdánarson et al. (2018) [37] | Iceland | 2003–2015 | 100% | 33% (101,909/313,296) | 46.0 years (IQR 30–60) | 55 | 45 |
3.3–4.1 per 100 persons 8.5–15.5 per 100 persons |
22% (≥ 1 year) |
| 4 | Rückert-Eheberg et al. (2022) [65] | Germany | 2010–2018 | 15% | 13% | NA | 58 | 42 | 42.4 |
In 2018: 14.7% (women) 12.2% (men) |
33.6% of incident users (> 6 months) |
| 5 | Lassalle et al. (2019) [48] | France | 1 January 2015 between 31 December 2015 | 100% | 29.8% (15,388,419/51,645,958) | 57.0 (no SD) | 57 | 43 | NA |
Mean treatment duration 40.9 days 4.1% (≥ 6 months) |
| 6 | Mishuk et al. (2003) [8] | USA | 2002–2017 | NA | 6.59% | NA | 58 | 41 | 5.70% (2002/2003)–6.73% (2016/2017) | NA |
| 7 | Muheim et al. (2021) [57] | Switzerland | 1 January 2012 between 31 December 2017 | ~ 14% | 23% of adults in 2017 | 51.2 (no SD) | 58 | 42 | 19.7–23.1% (incidence of PPI prescriptions between 2012 and 2017) | NA |
| 8 | Oathman et al. (2016) [60] | UK | 1 January 1990 between 31 December 2014 | 6% | N = 1,828,141 | 54.2 (16.3) | 56 | 44 |
Period prevalence 0.2–15.0% Point prevalence 0.03–7.7% |
26.7% (≥ 1 year) Of them, 3.9% continued for 5 years |
| 9 | Pottegard et al. (2016) [62] | Denmark | 2002–2014 | 100% | 7.4% of the adult population (2014) | NA | NA |
2.15–3.64 per 100 person-years Point prevalence 1.8% to 7.4% |
30% of new users (≥ 3 years) |
| 10 | Rosenberg et al. (2021) [64] | Israel | 2000–2015 | 25% | N = 4,388,586 | 46.0 years (IQR 34–58) | 56 | 44 |
2.4–3.1 per 100 persons 2.4–12.7 per 100 persons |
15% (≥ 6 months) |
| 11 | Torres-Bondia et al. (2022) [72] | Spain | 1 January 2002 between 31 December 2015 | NA | 62 years [21] | 52 | 48 | 11.3–18.0% (2002–2015) | 25% (> 180 DDD) |