Table 1.
Distribution of variables in the whole cohort of myocardial infarction patients and in subgroups classified according to the three-vessel CAD dependent variable.
| Alla | Three-vessel CAD = No | Three-vessel CAD = Yes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 492) | (n = 309) | (n = 181) | ||||||||
| Variable | Obs | F-miss (%) | Value | N | Distribution | N | Distribution | N | Distribution | p |
| Sex | 492 | 0.00 | Females | 158 | 32.11% | 118 | 38.19% | 39 | 21.55% | 0.0001 |
| Males | 334 | 67.89% | 191 | 61.81% | 142 | 78.45% | ||||
| Age (years) | 492 | 0.00 | 492 | 68 (59, 76) | 309 | 67 (57, 76) | 181 | 71 (63, 76) | 0.0027 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 490 | 0.41 | 490 | 26.23 (23.94, 29.41) | 307 | 26.42 (23.88, 29.69) | 181 | 26.15 (24.02, 29.3) | 0.7113 | |
| CAD duration (months) | 464 | 5.69 | 464 | 0 (0, 6.1) | 292 | 0 (0, 0.34) | 170 | 0 (0, 34.14) | 0.0064 | |
| RISK FACTORS AND COMORBIDITIES | ||||||||||
| Anemia | 490 | 0.00 | No | 361 | 73.67% | 244 | 79.48% | 116 | 64.09% | 0.0002 |
| Yes | 129 | 26.33% | 63 | 20.52% | 65 | 35.91% | ||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 490 | 0.00 | No | 444 | 90.61% | 290 | 94.16% | 153 | 84.53% | 0.0004 |
| Yes | 46 | 9.39% | 18 | 5.84% | 28 | 15.47% | ||||
| Diabetes | 491 | 0.00 | No | 364 | 74.13% | 241 | 78.25% | 122 | 67.40% | 0.0081 |
| Yes | 127 | 25.87% | 67 | 21.75% | 59 | 32.60% | ||||
| Dyslipidemia | 490 | 0.00 | No | 200 | 40.82% | 135 | 43.83% | 65 | 35.91% | 0.0854 |
| Yes | 290 | 59.18% | 173 | 56.17% | 116 | 64.09% | ||||
| Hypertension | 490 | 0.00 | No | 138 | 28.16% | 94 | 30.52% | 44 | 24.31% | 0.1407 |
| Yes | 352 | 71.84% | 214 | 69.48% | 137 | 75.69% | ||||
| Peripheral artery disease | 490 | 0.00 | No | 453 | 92.45% | 296 | 96.10% | 156 | 86.19% | 0.0001 |
| Yes | 37 | 7.55% | 12 | 3.90% | 25 | 13.81% | ||||
| MI CLASSIFICATION AND RISK INDEXES | ||||||||||
| Type | 489 | 0.01 | NSTEMI | 190 | 38.85% | 110 | 35.83% | 79 | 43.89% | 0.0782 |
| STEMI | 299 | 61.15% | 197 | 64.17% | 101 | 56.11% | ||||
| Previous MI | 491 | 0.00 | No | 403 | 82.08% | 264 | 85.71% | 137 | 75.69% | 0.0053 |
| Yes | 88 | 17.92% | 44 | 14.29% | 44 | 24.31% | ||||
| Family History for CAD | 489 | 0.01 | No | 375 | 76.69% | 244 | 79.22% | 130 | 72.22% | 0.0779 |
| Yes | 114 | 23.31% | 64 | 20.78% | 50 | 27.78% | ||||
| NYHA class | 477 | 0.03 | 1 | 421 | 88.26% | 270 | 89.40% | 150 | 86.21% | 0.5785 |
| 2 | 40 | 8.39% | 23 | 7.62% | 17 | 9.77% | ||||
| 3/4 | 16 | 3.35% | 9 | 2.98% | 7 | 4.02% | ||||
| Killip classification > 1 | 491 | 0.00 | No | 372 | 75.76% | 246 | 79.87% | 125 | 69.06% | 0.0070 |
| Yes | 119 | 24.24% | 62 | 20.13% | 56 | 30.94% | ||||
| GRACE score at 6 months | 489 | 0.61 | 489 | 119 (97, 140) | 306 | 112 (93, 136.75) | 181 | 129 (109, 150) | <0.0001 | |
| MAIN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY INDEXES | ||||||||||
| EDV (cm2) | 464 | 5.69 | 464 | 47.2 (39.61, 57.65) | 291 | 46.14 (38.71, 55.38) | 171 | 50.08 (41.55, 61.71) | 0.0024 | |
| ESV (cm2) | 456 | 7.32 | 456 | 22.1 (16.71, 29.47) | 286 | 20.75 (15.98, 28.4) | 168 | 23.84 (17.87, 34.02) | 0.0017 | |
| LV mass (g) | 358 | 27.24 | 358 | 213 (174, 255.75) | 225 | 208 (164, 247) | 131 | 220 (187.5, 271) | 0.0149 | |
| LVEF (%) | 476 | 3.25 | 476 | 53 (45, 59) | 297 | 55 (46, 60) | 177 | 51 (42, 57) | 0.0019 | |
| E/A | 415 | 15.65 | 415 | 0.86 (0.67, 1.23) | 270 | 0.86 (0.68, 1.22) | 144 | 0.86 (0.67, 1.25) | 0.6519 | |
| LABORATORY TESTS | ||||||||||
| BPIFB4 (pg/ml) | 492 | 0.00 | 492 | 69.13 (29.28, 153.88) | 309 | 76.37 (34.52, 159.34) | 181 | 56.87 (23.34, 118.91) | 0.0077 | |
| Ln BPIFB4 (pg/ml) | 492 | 0.00 | 492 | 4.24 (3.38, 5.04) | 309 | 4.34 (3.54, 5.07) | 181 | 4.04 (3.15, 4.78) | 0.0077 | |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 236 | 52.03 | 236 | 51.92 (21.25, 84.27) | 145 | 54.66 (29.16, 93.84) | 90 | 48.6 (13.16, 70.2) | 0.0273 | |
| HbA1C (%) | 334 | 32.11 | 334 | 6 (5.7, 6.6) | 195 | 5.9 (5.6, 6.5) | 138 | 6.1 (5.8, 6.77) | 0.0078 | |
| Hs CRP (mg/dl) | 474 | 3.66 | 474 | 4.4 (1.6, 11.38) | 295 | 4 (1.4, 9.9) | 177 | 4.8 (1.8, 14.9) | 0.0545 | |
| MDRD (ml/min) | 480 | 2.44 | 480 | 62.85 (50.16, 76.78) | 300 | 66.12 (53.58, 80.03) | 179 | 57.61 (45.87, 70.94) | <0.0001 | |
| Tnl max (ng/ml) | 481 | 2.24 | 481 | 13.79 (2.99, 53) | 304 | 14 (2.55, 53.25) | 175 | 12.5 (3.55, 51.06) | 0.8491 | |
| TREATMENT | ||||||||||
| Treatment | 480 | 0.02 | PCI | 343 | 71.46% | 220 | 73.58% | 123 | 68.33% | <0.0001 |
| CABG | 53 | 11.04% | 12 | 4.01% | 41 | 22.78% | ||||
| Medical Therapy | 84 | 17.50% | 67 | 22.41% | 16 | 8.89% | ||||
| TYPE OF DRUG | ||||||||||
| ACE Inhibitors | 484 | 0.02 | No | 258 | 53.31% | 179 | 58.50% | 78 | 44.07% | 0.0022 |
| Yes | 226 | 46.69% | 127 | 41.50% | 99 | 55.93% | ||||
| Beta blockers | 485 | 0.01 | No | 349 | 71.96% | 229 | 74.59% | 120 | 67.80% | 0.1083 |
| Yes | 136 | 28.04% | 78 | 25.41% | 57 | 32.20% | ||||
| Calcium channel blockers | 485 | 0.01 | No | 400 | 82.47% | 257 | 83.71% | 143 | 80.79% | 0.4136 |
| Yes | 85 | 17.53% | 50 | 16.29% | 34 | 19.21% | ||||
| Nitrates | 484 | 0.02 | No | 426 | 88.02% | 282 | 92.16% | 143 | 80.79% | 0.0002 |
| Yes | 58 | 11.98% | 24 | 7.84% | 34 | 19.21% | ||||
| Thiazides | 485 | 0.01 | No | 438 | 90.31% | 277 | 90.23% | 160 | 90.40% | 0.9522 |
| Yes | 47 | 9.69% | 30 | 9.77% | 17 | 9.60% | ||||
| Loop diuretics | 485 | 0.01 | No | 441 | 90.93% | 283 | 92.18% | 157 | 88.70% | 0.1994 |
| Yes | 44 | 9.07% | 24 | 7.82% | 20 | 11.30% | ||||
| Aldosterone antagonists | 485 | 0.01 | No | 471 | 97.11% | 296 | 96.42% | 174 | 98.31% | 0.2326 |
| Yes | 14 | 2.89% | 11 | 3.58% | 3 | 1.69% | ||||
| Insulin | 485 | 0.01 | No | 458 | 94.43% | 295 | 96.09% | 162 | 91.53% | 0.0350 |
| Yes | 27 | 5.57% | 12 | 3.91% | 15 | 8.47% | ||||
| Oral antidiabetic drugs | 486 | 0.01 | No | 405 | 83.33% | 263 | 85.67% | 141 | 79.21% | 0.0662 |
| Yes | 81 | 16.67% | 44 | 14.33% | 37 | 20.79% | ||||
| Statins | 485 | 0.01 | No | 358 | 73.81% | 237 | 77.20% | 121 | 68.36% | 0.0329 |
| Yes | 127 | 26.19% | 70 | 22.80% | 56 | 31.64% | ||||
| Allopurinol | 485 | 0.01 | No | 464 | 95.67% | 297 | 96.74% | 166 | 93.79% | 0.1240 |
| Yes | 21 | 4.33% | 10 | 3.26% | 11 | 6.21% | ||||
| Aspirin | 485 | 0.01 | No | 338 | 69.69% | 228 | 74.27% | 110 | 62.15% | 0.0051 |
| Yes | 147 | 30.31% | 79 | 25.73% | 67 | 37.85% | ||||
| Anti-platelet drugs | 485 | 0.01 | No | 443 | 91.34% | 286 | 93.16% | 156 | 88.14% | 0.0586 |
| Yes | 42 | 8.66% | 21 | 6.84% | 21 | 11.86% | ||||
| Heparin | 485 | 0.01 | No | 466 | 96.08% | 296 | 96.42% | 169 | 95.48% | 0.6093 |
| Yes | 19 | 3.92% | 11 | 3.58% | 8 | 4.52% | ||||
Variable analyzed variable, Obs. non-missing observations, F-miss (%) frequency (%) of missing values, Value value that each categorical variable assumes, N number of observations, Distribution relative frequency of categorical variables’ values in the whole cohort and in patients with and without three-vessel CAD or median (25th, 75th percentiles) of numeric variables distribution; p value p value (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Pearson chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for independence based on variables’ distribution) comparing variables’ distribution between patients with and without three-vessel CAD.
aThe number of patients affected by three vessel CAD and the number of patients not affected by three vessel CAD do not sum to the total number of patients due to the presence of two patients with unknown three vessel CAD status.