. 2023 Jul 26;102(10):102964. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102964

Table 15.

Effect of dietary energy and protein levels on plasma biochemical indices of 21-day squabs in winter¹.

Treatments (n = 10)	CP/%	ME/MJ/kg	T-CHO	GLU	UA	Alb	TG	T-AOC	H₂O₂	MDA	SOD
I	15	12.2	6.687	14.877	49.646	11.539	1.394^c	2.208^CD	34.513	5.936	74.482
II	15	12.4	8.192	14.592	44.536	11.146	1.921^bc	2.427^CD	42.741	5.401	66.227
III	15	12.6	6.894	13.746	41.634	15.105	2.143^ab	2.016^D	37.983	5.968	42.266
IV	16.5	12.2	6.461	15.412	44.253	11.180	2.131^ab	2.051^D	41.804	5.635	36.168
V	16.5	12.4	7.061	15.059	40.479	13.521	2.182^ab	2.607^BCD	43.647	5.308	39.634
VI	16.5	12.6	6.340	13.461	40.878	10.058	2.668^a	3.746^AB	44.011	4.401	85.432
VII	18	12.2	7.292	13.834	38.585	13.340	2.298^ab	2.69^BCD	39.324	5.343	69.312
VIII	18	12.4	6.880	15.210	42.860	12.005	2.475^ab	3.365^ABC	41.504	4.102	70.566
IX	18	12.6	7.053	18.071	44.619	10.894	2.554^ab	4.529A	42.294	4.265	51.862
SEM			0.202	0.432	0.941	0.425	0.087	0.167	1.422	0.344	5.112
Main effect
CP (n = 30)	15.0		7.257	14.405	45.272	12.597	1.819^B	2.217^B	38.412	5.768	60.992
	16.5		6.620	14.644	41.870	11.586	2.327^A	2.801^B	43.154	5.115	53.744
	18.0		7.075	15.705	42.021	12.080	2.442^A	3.528^A	41.041	4.570	63.913
ME (n = 30)		12.2	6.813	14.708	44.161	12.020	1.941^b	2.316^B	38.547	5.638	59.987
		12.4	7.377	14.954	42.625	12.224	2.193^ab	2.800^AB	42.631	4.937	58.809
		12.6	6.762	15.093	42.377	12.019	2.455^a	3.430^A	41.429	4.878	59.853
P values	CP		0.429	0.425	0.243	0.604	0.005	0.002	0.421	0.392	0.697
	ME		0.400	0.934	0.695	0.973	0.039	0.010	0.508	0.626	0.994
	C*M		0.618	0.350	0.235	0.120	0.020	0.001	0.860	0.886	0.233

All results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 10).

Different lowercase letters in the data of the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), and different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences (P < 0.01).

C*M, the interaction of the crude protein with metabolic energy; T-CHO, total cholesterol, mmol/L; GLU, glucose, mmol/L; UA, uric acid, mmol/L; Alb, albumin, g/L; TG, total triglycerides, mmol/L; T-AOC, total antioxidant capacity, U/mL; H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide, mmol/L; MDA, malondialdehyde, nmol/L; SOD, superoxide dismutase, U/mL.