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. 2023 Jul 27;9(8):e18670. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18670

Table 4.

Frequency of researched categories of skills.

SKILLS 2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Count Perc. Count Perc. Count Perc. Count Perc. Count Perc.
Essential Digital Skills 355 456 18.6% 300 000 16.7% 292 980 16.2% 211 376 15.0% 319 555 14.2%
Advanced Digital Skills 215 502 11.3% 204 058 11.3% 212 490 11.7% 187 323 13.3% 342 051 15.2%
DIGITAL SKILLS 570 958 29.8% 504 058 28.0% 505 470 27.9% 398 699 28.3% 661 606 29.3%
Communication - interpersonal 191 532 10.0% 182 376 10.1% 184 759 10.2% 141 360 10.0% 217 318 9.6%
Analytical and Critical Thinking 139 831 7.3% 140 017 7.8% 142 145 7.9% 115 115 8.2% 186 576 8.3%
Problem-solving 113 692 5.9% 110 491 6.1% 110 605 6.1% 85 167 6.0% 135 552 6.0%
Taking responsibility 94 294 4.9% 99 759 5.5% 99 734 5.5% 78 631 5.6% 125 090 5.5%
Flexibility 99 661 5.2% 93 861 5.2% 90 542 5.0% 66 039 4.7% 98 019 4.3%
Value orientation 69 169 3.6% 71 679 4.0% 70 881 3.9% 59 151 4.2% 88 018 3.9%
Well-being focused 57 827 3.0% 55 829 3.1% 57 171 3.2% 44 354 3.1% 65 113 2.9%
Organisational/Managerial skills 61 845 3.2% 55 137 3.1% 55 962 3.1% 47 233 3.4% 81 437 3.6%
Teamwork 53 725 2.8% 53 574 3.0% 56 084 3.1% 42 987 3.0% 67 306 3.0%
Creativity 47 414 2.5% 44 633 2.5% 42 392 2.3% 35 736 2.5% 62 693 2.8%
Cope with ambiguity/uncertainty 36 272 1.9% 32 552 1.8% 31 933 1.8% 25 544 1.8% 38 581 1.7%
Learning skills 29 181 1.5% 31 604 1.8% 35 534 2.0% 28 772 2.0% 45 767 2.0%
Initiative and Engagement 30 526 1.6% 27 386 1.5% 27 678 1.5% 20 081 1.4% 30 620 1.4%
Persistence 16 922 0.9% 15 939 0.9% 16 385 0.9% 13 874 1.0% 21 294 0.9%
Emotional Intelligence 2879 0.2% 2583 0.1% 2900 0.2% 2882 0.2% 4311 0.2%
Communication - via IT 1532 0.1% 1043 0.1% 1253 0.1% 1343 0.1% 2960 0.1%
Leadership skills 988 0.1% 711 0.0% 1111 0.1% 993 0.1% 2298 0.1%
SOFT SKILLS 1 047 290 54.7% 1 019 174 56.7% 1 027 069 56.8% 809 262 57.4% 1 272 953 56.4%
OTHER SKILLS 294 627 15.4% 274 816 15.3% 277 266 15.3% 201 558 14.3% 320 485 14.2%
TOTAL 1 912 875 100.0% 1 798 048 100.0% 1 809 805 100.0% 1 409 519 100.0% 2 255 044 100.0%

Source: own research and calculations.