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. 2023 Aug 16;2023(8):CD015102. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015102.pub2

Summary of findings 2. Anticoagulant compared to different dose of the same anticoagulant for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19.

Anticoagulant versus different dose of the same anticoagulant for non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19
Patient or population: non‐hospitalised people with COVID‐19 
Setting: outpatient
Intervention: higher‐dose anticoagulant
Comparison: standard dose of the same anticoagulant
Outcomes Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) Relative effect
(95% CI) № of participants
(studies) Certainty of the evidence
(GRADE) Comments
Risk with standard dose of the same anticoagulant Risk with higher‐dose anticoagulant
All‐cause mortality
Follow‐up: 45 days
Study population Not estimable 278
(1 RCT) ⊕⊕⊕⊝
Moderate a There were no cases of mortality.
Venous thromboembolism
Follow‐up: 45 days
Study population Not estimable 278
(1 RCT) ⊕⊕⊕⊝
Moderate a There were no cases of venous thromboembolism.
Major bleeding
Follow‐up: 45 days
Study population Not estimable 278
(1 RCT) ⊕⊕⊕⊝
Moderate a There were no cases of major bleeding.
Deep vein thrombosis This outcome was not measured.  
Pulmonary embolism This outcome was not measured.  
Need for hospitalisation
Follow‐up: 45 days
Study population RR 1.89 (0.17 to 20.58) 278
(1 RCT) ⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low b  
7 per 1000 14 per 1000
1 to 152
Adverse events (minor bleeding)
Follow‐up: 45 days
Study population RR 0.47
(0.09 to 2.54)
278
(1 RCT) ⊕⊕⊝⊝
Low b  
30 per 1000 14 per 1000
3 to 75
*The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: confidence interval; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RR: risk ratio
GRADE Working Group grades of evidenceHigh certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect.
Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different.
Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect.
Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.

aDowngraded one level due to imprecision (fewer than 300 events included in the analysis).
bDowngraded two levels due to imprecision (fewer than 300 events included in the analysis and very wide CI).