TABLE 1.
Patient Characteristics
| With ESSQS(n = 2644) | Without ESSQS(n = 544) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 64.1 (12.0) | 65.9 (11.9) | 0.002 | |
| Sex | Male | 1684 (64%) | 337 (62%) | 0.44 |
| Female | 960 (36%) | 207 (38%) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.6 (3.4) | 22.6 (3.7) | 0.86 | |
| ASA class 3 or 4* | 183 (7%) | 52 (10%) | 0.06 | |
| Obstruction | 128 (5%) | 28 (5%) | 0.76 | |
| Institution (volume) | Cases ≥100 | 1085 (41%) | 67 (12%) | <0.001 |
| Cases <100 | 1559 (59%) | 477 (88%) | ||
| Institution (academic) | Medical school | 1314 (50%) | 188 (35%) | <0.001 |
| Others | 1330 (50%) | 356 (65%) | ||
| Location* | RS | 803 (30%) | 197 (36%) | <0.001 |
| Ra | 838 (32%) | 196 (36%) | ||
| Rb | 998 (38%) | 151 (28%) | ||
| Clinical T stage* | 1 | 34 (1%) | 2 (0.4%) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 135 (5%) | 26 (5%) | ||
| 3 | 1957 (74%) | 388 (71%) | ||
| 4a | 355 (13%) | 112 (21%) | ||
| 4b | 161 (6%) | 16 (3%) | ||
| Clinical N stage | 0 | 1171 (44%) | 260 (48%) | 0.04 |
| 1 | 1012 (38%) | 193 (35%) | ||
| 2 | 297 (11%) | 70 (13%) | ||
| 3 | 164 (6%) | 21 (4%) | ||
| Clinical stage | II | 1171 (44%) | 260 (48%) | 0.13 |
| III | 1473 (66%) | 284 (52%) |
Continuous data are described as mean (standard deviation). The values with
* include missing data.
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification; BMI, body mass index; ESSQS, intervention by surgeons qualified by the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System.