TABLE 1.
Demographic and Health Characteristics of Individuals Undergoing Cholecystectomy, 2003–2020*
| Overall | Bile Duct Injury | No Bile Duct Injury | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 769,782) | (N = 894) | (N = 768,888) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 241,370 (31.4) | 465 (52.0) | 527,518 (68.6) |
| Male | 527,983 (68.6) | 429 (48.0) | 241,370 (31.4) |
| Age, y | |||
| 18–34 | 145,075 (18.8) | 87 (9.7) | 144,988 (18.9) |
| 35–44 | 138,540 (18.0) | 105 (11.7) | 138,435 (18.0) |
| 45–54 | 149,866 (19.5) | 140 (15.7) | 149,726 (19.5) |
| 55–64 | 128,805 (16.7) | 175 (19.6) | 128,630 (16.7) |
| 65+ | 207,496 (27.0) | 387 (43.3) | 207,109 (26.9) |
| Race/ethnicity† | |||
| Asian | 15,482 (2.0) | 29 (3.2) | 15,453 (2.0) |
| Black | 64,708 (8.4) | 85 (9.5) | 64,623 (8.4) |
| Hispanic | 94,577 (12.3) | 111 (12.4) | 94,466 (12.3) |
| White | 507,103 (65.9) | 565 (63.2) | 506,538 (65.9) |
| Region‡ | |||
| Midwest | 198,759 (25.8) | 183 (20.5) | 198,576 (25.8) |
| Northeast | 19,423 (2.5) | 23 (2.6) | 19,400 (2.5) |
| South | 410,746 (53.4) | 460 (51.5) | 410,286 (53.4) |
| West | 139,970 (18.2) | 226 (25.3) | 139,744 (18.2) |
| Type | |||
| Open | 36,667 (4.5) | 488 (54.6) | 36,179 (4.7) |
| Laparoscopic | 733,115 (95.2) | 406 (45.4) | 732,709 (95.3) |
| Indications for surgery§ | |||
| Biliary colic | 550,159 (71.5) | 553 (61.9) | 549,606 (71.4) |
| Cholecystitis | 698,948 (90.8) | 826 (92.4) | 698,122 (90.8) |
| Other gallbladder disease | 304,582 (39.6) | 500 (55.9) | 304,082 (39.5) |
| Diseases of the pancreas | 51,816 (6.7) | 182 (20.4) | 51,634 (6.7) |
| Comorbidities§ | |||
| Obesity | 173,797 (22.6) | 159 (17.8) | 173,638 (22.6) |
| Coronary artery disease | 103,940 (13.5) | 191 (21.4) | 103,749 (13.5) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 39,610 (5.1) | 106 (11.8) | 39,504 (5.1) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 48,446 (6.3) | 99 (11.1) | 48,347 (6.3) |
| Chronic liver disease | 116,367 (15.1) | 170 (19.0) | 116,367 (15.1) |
*Cholecystectomies were identified using CPT codes 47562, 47563, 47564, 47600, 47605, 47610, and 47620. Bile duct injuries were identified using CPT codes 47760, 47765, 47780, 47785, 47790, and 47800.
†Race/ethnicity was missing for 87,912 subjects (11.4%).
‡We defined US Census Regions as the Northeast (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont,); the South (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia); the Midwest (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin); and the West (Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming).
§Common indications were identified in the six weeks prior and three weeks after the date of cholecystectomy. Comorbidities identified within the 365 days that preceded the date of cholecystectomy.