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. 2023 Jun 27;17(9):1455–1466. doi: 10.1038/s41396-023-01460-7

Table 3.

Co-occurrence of dfrB and dfrA gene fragments with signatures of other antibiotic resistance genes on one and the same read (see Table 1 for average read lengths).

dfrB gene variant
Target Linked ARG Origin 1 3 4 5 7 10
Aminoglyc. aac WWTP infl. 8/5 2/2
Aminoglyc. aac WWTP effl. 1/1
Aminoglyc. ant WWTP infl. 8/7 7/2 3/3 2/1
Aminoglyc. ant WWTP effl. 16/7
Aminoglyc. ant River water 3/1
Ansamycin ARR WWTP infl. 2/2 ?
Ansamycin ARR WWTP effl. ?
Beta-lactam blaGES WWTP infl. ?
Beta-lactam blaOXA WWTP infl. 2/2 ? 1/1
Beta-lactam blaOXA WWTP effl. ?
Phenicol catB WWTP infl. 1/1
Phenicol catB WWTP effl. ? 2/1
Phenicol catB River water 1/1
dfrA gene variant
Target Linked ARG Origin 1 5 7 12 13 14 15 16 17 21 22 27 32
Aminoglyc. aac WWTP infl. 2/2 5/4 ? 2/2 ?
Aminoglyc. aac River water 1/1 3/2 ?
Aminoglyc. aac River sedim. 1/1
Aminoglyc. aadA WWTP infl. 5/5 2/2 48/31 ? 3/3
Aminoglyc. aadA WWTP effl. 1/1 108/9
Aminoglyc. aadA River water 1/1
Aminoglyc. ant WWTP infl. 32/14 10/7 4/4 8/7 ? 38/23 5/4 3/3 2/2
Aminoglyc. ant WWTP effl. 14/5 1/1 1/1 2/2 4/3 5/4 1/1
Aminoglyc. ant River water 2/2 1/1 2/1 1/1 1/1 ? 5/5
Aminoglyc. aph WWTP infl. 4/3
Ansamycin ARR WWTP infl. 14/8 2/2
Ansamycin ARR WWTP effl. 6/4
Beta-lactam blaGES WWTP infl. ? ?
Beta-lactam blaOXA WWTP infl. ? ?
Beta-lactam blaOXA River water 2/2
Macrolide ere WWTP infl. ? ?
Phenicol cmlA WWTP infl. 4/2
Quinolone qnrVC WWTP infl. 3/2

Both dfr and the linked gene(s) fulfilled the criterion of at least 95% sequence identity. The first integer represents the number of double-positive reads, the integer after the slash indicates the number of distinct samples in which those reads were found. If a particular gene combination was observed only once across the entire data set, numbers were replaced by a question mark to indicate uncertainty associated with those singletons.