Table 3.
Associations between HEI-2015 components and NT-proBNP among US adults ≥20 years, NHANES 1999–2004.
| Percent Difference in NT-proBNPa(95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| HEI-2015 Componentsb | Model 1c | Model 2d | Model 3e |
| Adequacy components | |||
| Total fruits | -3.03 (-8.10 to 2.32) | 0.23 (-5.08 to 5.84) | 0.79 (-4.46 to 6.33) |
| Whole fruits | -7.14 (-11.68 to -2.37) | -3.91 (-8.68 to 1.11) | -1.99 (-6.75 to 3.01) |
| Total vegetables | -8.97 (-14.93 to -2.59) | -5.44 (-11.59 to 1.14) | -4.64 (-10.77 to 1.90) |
| Greens and beans | -4.69 (-9.50 to 0.37) | -2.05 (-6.96 to 3.12) | -1.81 (-6.68 to 3.31) |
| Whole grains | -2.99 (-10.23 to 4.83) | 0.80 (-6.69 to 8.89) | 1.64 (-5.72 to 9.57) |
| Dairy | 2.14 (-4.11 to 8.80) | 4.17 (-2.17 to 10.92) | 4.63 (-1.63 to 11.28) |
| Total protein foods | -8.97 (-16.03 to -1.30) | -6.20 (-13.43 to 1.64) | -3.74 (-11.07 to 4.20) |
| Seafood and plant proteins | -6.54 (-11.03 to -1.82) | -4.53 (-9.09 to 0.26) | -3.96 (-8.45 to 0.74) |
| Fatty acids | -6.35 (-12.05 to -0.29) | -5.16 (-10.85 to 0.89) | -5.28 (-10.88 to 0.66) |
| Moderation components | |||
| Sodium | -4.22 (-9.76 to 1.66) | -7.44 (-12.74 to -1.83) | -7.65 (-12.82 to -2.18) |
| Refined grains | -2.29 (-7.92 to 3.69) | -3.37 (-8.88 to 2.47) | -2.29 (-7.74 to 3.48) |
| Added sugars | -10.73 (-16.05 to -5.06) | -7.61 (-13.09 to -1.78) | -6.53 (-12.00 to -0.72) |
| Saturated fats | 0.91 (-5.44 to 7.70) | 0.31 (-5.96 to 6.99) | -0.90 (-7.02 to 5.63) |
Abbreviations: HEI-2015, Healthy Eating Index-2015; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide.
We used multivariable linear regression models to evaluate the associations between HEI-2015 component score. Percent difference in NT-proBNP was calculated per one point higher in each HEI-2015 component score.
Whole grains, dairy, fatty acids and all moderation components ranged from 0-10. All other components ranged from 0-5.
Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and total energy intake
Model 2: all variables in Model 1, plus education, family poverty ratio, body mass index categories, smoking status, and physical activity
Model 3: all variables in Model 2, plus diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and dyslipidemia