Table 2.
Comparison of patient characteristics between teen club and standard care
| Total n=532 | Standard care n=297 | Teen club n=235 | P value | |
| Year of ART initiation* | ||||
| 2000–2007 | 34 (7%) | 15 (5%) | 19 (8%) | 0.17 |
| 2008–2015 | 352 (66%) | 193 (65%) | 159 (68%) | |
| 2016–2021 | 146 (27%) | 89 (30%) | 57 (24%) | |
| Age at ART initiation* | ||||
| <10 years | 365 (69%) | 198 (67%) | 167 (71%) | 0.21 |
| 10–14 years | 142 (27%) | 81 (27%) | 61 (26%) | |
| 15–19 years | 25 (5%) | 18 (6%) | 7 (3%) | |
| Sex* | ||||
| Female | 316 (59%) | 181 (61%) | 135 (57%) | 0.44 |
| Male | 216 (41%) | 116 (39%) | 100 (43%) | |
| WHO clinical stage at ART initiation | ||||
| Stage 1 | 330 (62%) | 183 (62%) | 147 (62%) | 0.96 |
| Stage 2 | 36 (7%) | 20 (7%) | 16 (7%) | |
| Stage 3 | 126 (24%) | 70 (23%) | 56 (24%) | |
| Stage 4 | 40 (7%) | 24 (8%) | 16 (7%) | |
| Recent body mass index (within 6 months of last visit date) | ||||
| Underweight | 158 (29%) | 97 (33%) | 61 (26%) | 0.06 |
| Normal | 227 (43%) | 112 (38%) | 115 (49%) | |
| Overweight | 117 (22%) | 65 (22%) | 52 (22%) | |
| Not available | 30 (6%) | 23 (7%) | 7 (3%) | |
| Recent viral load status (within 12–24 months of last visit date)† | ||||
| Suppressed | 275 (52%) | 148 (50%) | 127 (54%) | 0.003 |
| Non-suppressed | 155 (29%) | 77 (26%) | 78 (33%) | |
| Not available | 102 (19%) | 72 (24%) | 30 (13%) | |
| Age at treatment outcome | ||||
| 10–14 years | 264 (50%) | 164 (55%) | 100 (43%) | 0.04 |
| 15–19 years | 268 (50%) | 133 (45%) | 135 (57%) | |
| Treatment outcome | ||||
| Currently on ART | 422 (79%) | 210 (71%) | 212 (90%) | <0.001 |
| Transferred out | 78 (15%) | 62 (21%) | 16 (7%) | |
| Defaulted | 21 (4%) | 15 (5%) | 6 (3%) | |
| Died | 11 (2%) | 10 (3%) | 1 (<1%) | |
P value<0.05 indicates statistically significant difference in variable distribution between standard care and teen club models.
*These variables were used in matching.
†Prior to June 2019, recent viral load measurement meant within the last 24 months and suppression status was defined as <1000 copies/mL; from June 2019 onward, recent measurement meant within the last 12 months and suppression was defined as <40 copies/mL.
ART, antiretroviral treatment.