Fig. 7.

CHP improves mitochondrial function in hepatocytes.

(A) Respiratory quotient during the night, as measured at age 18 weeks (n = 7–8). (B) Complex I and II activity, normalised on protein content, in mitochondria isolated from fresh liver tissue (n = 7–8). (C) Relative mtDNA levels in mice receiving a WD, calculated as 16S mitochondrial gene expression normalised against hexokinase gene (n = 5). (D) Oxygen consumption of AML12 cells treated with 50 nM CHP for 4 h, when measuring respiration in basal, maximal, or leak state. OCR is normalised by protein content (n = 22–24). (E) Basal and maximal respiration as extracted from panel D. (F) Complex I and II activity in AML12 cells treated with 50 nM CHP (n = 23). One-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test vs. WD group (A) or unpaired t-test (B, C, E, F) were used for statistical analysis. ∗p <0.05; ∗∗∗p <0.001; ∗∗∗∗p <0.0001. AML12, alpha mouse liver 12; CHP, cyclo(His-Pro); FCCP, carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; OCR, oxygen consumption rate; WD, western diet.