Table 2. Summary of Recently Studied Catalytic Performances of Unsupported, Metal-Supported, Carbon-Based, and Carbon-Supported Catalysts.

catalyst	initial CH4 conversion (%)	reaction temperature (°C)	initial H2 yield mmol/gcat·min	stability (hours)	ref
unsupported metal catalysts
Ni	25	550	2.0	2	(54)
NiO		575	11.7	2.5	(55)
Fe	75	900	2.75	10	(56)
Ni–Cu	85	750	8	5	(54)
10% Ni–1% Pd	57	600		5.8	(57)
f-Fe65–Al3.7	70	750	4.1	6.6	(58)
NiCuLa	79	700		22	(59)
NiMgAlMo	36	650	55	0.5	(60)
metal/support catalysts
50% Ni–10% Cu/SiO2	83	750		8.3	(61)
50% Fe/Al2O3	45	700		3	(62)
60% Ni/Al2O3	60	700		6	(63)
9% Co/Al2O3	35	700		7	(64)
40% Fe/MgO	40	700		3	(62)
50% Co/MgO		700		7	(64)
55% Ni/MgO	75	675	3.8	2.6	(48)
50% Fe/TiO2	17	700		3	(64)
55% Ni/2MgO–Al2O3	55	600		<6	(65)
9% Ni–1% Co/Al2O3–TiO2	72	650		1	(66)
Co3–xAlxO4	44	500		3.3	(67)
Fe/CeO2	54	800	2.2	6	(68)
Fe/WO3–ZrO2	92	800	1.8	4	(69)
Ni–Fe/SiO2	59	650	2.8	1	(70)
Ni–Fe/MgO	64	700	2.6	3	(71)
Ni/CeO2	46	550	0.08	4	(72)
carbonaceous catalysts
carbon black	85	1120		2.5	(73)
activated carbon	67	900		>10	(74)
carbon black	52	900		>10	(74)
mesoporous carbon	45	900		>10	(74)
carbon nanofiber	15	900		>10	(74)
carbon black	12	900	0.41	2	(75)
metal/carbon catalysts
30% Fe/AC	18	800	2.5	>10	(76)
K2CO3/C	89	850	0.6	10	(77)
10% Ni/C (coal char)	80	850	10	10	(78)
8% Ni/C	55	850	1.3	10	(79)
10% Fe/AC	29	850	1.1	8.3	(76)
Fe–Al2O3/AC	35	850		5	(80)
Ru/AC	21	800	0.26	60	(81)
Ru/activated biochar	51	800	0.23	60	(81)