Fig. 1.

Hypertensive mice display a vascular dementia phenotype. (A, i) Laser speckle images showing the average perfusion of the dorsal surface of the brain from normotensive (Left) and hypertensive (Right) mice over a 5-min period. (A, ii) Average median flux through a surface artery (N = 8 normotensive mice and 7 hypertensive mice; *P < 0.05, unpaired t test). (B, i) Schematic of the open field maze, with the center shown as a red square. (B, ii) Upper panels show the pathway traveled by a normotensive (Left) and hypertensive (Right) mouse, with the blue spot showing the starting position and the red spot showing the final position of the mouse. Lower panels show a heat map of the time spent in certain regions of the maze. Summary data showing the number of entries into the center of the maze (B, iii), total fecal pellet count (B, iv), distance traveled (B, v), and time freezing (B, vi) in the hypertensive mice compared to the normotensive mice (N = 9 normotensive mice and 8 hypertensive mice; *P = 0.05, **P = 0.01, unpaired t test). (C, i) Schematic of the novel object recognition test. (C, ii) Recognition index for hypertensive mice versus normotensive mice (N = 9 normotensive mice and 8 hypertensive mice; ***P < 0.001, unpaired t test).