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Schematic diagram of engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) modification. There are two main methods of EV modification: engineered natural EVs and EV-mimetic nanovesicles (NVs). The former comprises modifications of membranes, surfaces, and cargoes. The latter is divided into top-down and bottom-up methods. It was created utilizing the templates on BioRender.com as a reference. GPI glycosylphosphatidylinositol
