Table 4.
Regulators of the cGAS-STING pathway.
| Regulators | Target | Name | Function | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agonist | STING | cGAMP | Combined with saponin adjuvants to improve vaccine effectiveness | (94) |
| Combined with COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib to inhibit tumor growth | (95) | |||
| Combined with antineoplastic drug eribulin to enhance expression of IFN-β | (96) | |||
| Combined with atezolizumab to inhibit breast cancer 4T1 cell growth in mice | (97) | |||
| ADC | Promotes antitumor immune response, systemic administration is well tolerated | (98) | ||
| Nanoparticle wrapped STING agonist | Promotes tumor antigen presentation | (99) | ||
| Intratumoral injection enhances cell uptake | (100) | |||
| Increases median survival in mice with melanoma (YUMM1.7) and breast malignant adenoma (E0771). | (101) | |||
| Improves anti-PD-1 resistance in mice | (102) | |||
| 2’ F, 2’ dAMP, pivaloyloxymethyl | Anti-HBV | (104) | ||
| BNBC | Induces broad-spectrum initial antiviral immunity | (105) | ||
| ADU-S100 | Promotes vascular normalization and the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within the tumor microenvironment | (106, 107) | ||
| DMXAA | Reduces the size of tumor blood vessels in vivo and upregulates the expression of tumor antigens | (108) | ||
| Promotes the transport and persistence of CAR T cells | (109) | |||
| Inhibits hepatitis B virus replication | (110) | |||
| Increased survival of HSV-1 infected mice | (111) | |||
| Causes hepatic steatosis and inflammation in wild-type mice | (112) | |||
| Exacerbates inflammation in mice with acute pancreatitis | (113) | |||
| Exacerbates intestinal apoptosis and systemic inflammation in mice with sepsis | (114) | |||
| diABZI | Complete and durable regression of colon tumors in mice | (115) | ||
| Prevents epithelial injury in acute lung injury | (117) | |||
| Block SARS-CoV-2 infection | (117–119) | |||
| Inhibitor | STING | C-176 | Blocks inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in diabetic DCM mice | (14) |
| Reduces lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice | (23) | |||
| Reduces kidney damage in mice caused by trichloroethylene sensitization | (120) | |||
| Improve atherosclerotic formation in APOE-/- mice | (121) | |||
| Mitigation of LPS-induced ALI in mice | (122) | |||
| PEI-PDA@C-176 NPs | Mitigates of joint damage in mouse models of arthritis | (123) | ||
| H-151 | Reduces intestinal and lung injury in ischemia-reperfusion mice | (124) | ||
| Improves cisplatin-induced kidney damage | (125) | |||
| Reduce apoptosis of adult cardiomyocytes and fibrosis of cardiac fibroblasts, protects myocardial function | (15) | |||
| Reduces myocardial infarction dilation and scarring, reduces myocardial hypertrophy | (16) | |||
| cGAS | RU.521 | Relieves wild-type mouse colitis | (126) | |
| Reduces lung injury in lung-ventilation-ischemia-reperfusion rats, promotes lung function | (127) | |||
| Increases cardiac function in sepsis mice, reduces inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mouse hearts | (128) | |||
| Reduces neurological deficits in CVST mice | (129) |