Correlation analysis of rumen homeostasis parameters and multi-omics data. Correlation analyses of rumen homeostasis parameters—such as antioxidant capacity parameters, tight junctions, and inflammatory cytokines—were performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001). The correlation analysis among rumen homeostasis parameters and multi-omics data was performed using a Mantel test. A red line indicates a Mantel test P value of <0.05, and a blue line indicates a Mantel test P value of >0.05.