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. 2023 Aug 3;10:1200341. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1200341

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© 2023 Popa-Fotea, Ferdoschi and Micheu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Atherosclerotic plaque developed in the vascular intima of an artery (left side) and the main types of activated innate immune system cells (center) along with the released inflammation mediators, cytokines, enzymes, or reactive oxygen species (right side of the picture). CCL11, C-C motif chemokine 11; CCR3 C-C, chemokine receptor 3; CD, cluster of differentiation; CRP, C-reactive protein; CX3CL1, chemokine C-X3-C motif ligand 1; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; IL, interleukin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; MPOs, myeloperoxidases; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Parts of the figure were drawn by using pictures from Servier Medical Art. Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.