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. 2023 Aug 3;10:1214420. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214420

Table 2.

Mean ± SD of energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients intake at baseline and post-intervention.

Variables Baseline (n = 25) Post-intervention (n = 25) p-value**
Energy (kcal/d)
Control group 1947.61 ± 181.10 1912.17 ± 131.71 0.17
Intervention group 2003.38 ± 159.95 1973.25 ± 176.89 0.18
p-value* 0.25 0.17
Carbohydrate (g/d)
Control group 252.95 ± 22.90 250.06 ± 16.54 0.35
Intervention group 260.87 ± 20.91 258.133 ± 23.32 0.35
p-value* 0.20 0.16
Protein (g/d)
Control group 76.79 ± 6.99 75.52 ± 4.82 0.21
Intervention group 79.37 ± 6.16 78.13 ± 6.90 0.15
p-value* 0.17 0.12
Fat (g/d)
Control group 68.61 ± 5.86 67.29 ± 4.11 0.11
Intervention group 70.76 ± 5.52 69.71 ± 6.38 0.16
p-value* 0.18 0.11
Cholesterol (g/d)
Control group 153.11 ± 34.13 152.26 ± 31.60 0.56
Intervention group 144.18 ± 39.52 145.23 ± 41.29 0.44
p-value* 0.39 0.50
Vitamin A (mcg/d)
Control group 373.41 ± 109.91 395.38 ± 83.53 0.21
Intervention group 375.89 ± 142.71 367.95 ± 102 0.77
p-value* 0.94 0.30
Beta-Carotene (mcg/d)
Control group 4371.53 ± 1631.69 4360.10 ± 1178.56 0.97
Intervention group 4434.78 ± 1738.14 4079.71 ± 1005.72 0.32
p-value* 0.89 0.37
Selenium (mcg/d)
Control group 47.99 ± 21.21 51.96 ± 16.51 0.46
Intervention group 58.08 ± 22.33 51.52 ± 22.71 0.27
p-value* 0.10 0.93
Vitamin C (mg/d)
Control group 99.00 ± 38.93 97.27 ± 29.88 0.81
Intervention group 87.33 ± 30.97 94.81 ± 33.01 0.40
p-value* 0.24 0.78
α-tocopherol (mg/d)
Control group 7.70 ± 1.68 7.51 ± 1.67 0.15
Intervention group 7.40 ± 1.95 7.60 ± 2.10 0.46
p-value* 0.56 0.86
Vitamin E (mg/d)
Control group 2.36 ± 0.70 2.18 ± 0.56 0.17
Intervention group 2.22 ± 0.69 2.17 ± 0.51 0.75
p-value* 0.47 0.91

*p < 0.05 was considered as significant at baseline and significant post-intervention using Independent T-test between two groups. **p < 0.05 was considered as significant using Paired T-test (within group).