. 2023 Aug 17;13:13389. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39110-9

Table 2.

Anthropometry and whole-body composition in CN, MCI due to AD, and AD dementia groups upon controlling for age, sex, and GDS score.

Variables	Total (n = 518)¹	CN (n = 365)¹	MCI due to AD (n = 123)¹	AD dementia (n = 30)¹	MCI due to AD versus CN		AD dementia versus MCI due to AD		AD dementia versus CN
Variables	Total (n = 518)¹	CN (n = 365)¹	MCI due to AD (n = 123)¹	AD dementia (n = 30)¹	$\bar{Δ}$ (95% CI)	$Γ$	$\bar{Δ}$ (95% CI)	$Γ$	$\bar{Δ}$ (95% CI)	$Γ$
Height [cm]	159.0 (8.5)	158.5 (8.2)	160.3 (9.0)	159.4 (8.6)	0.435 (− 0.867, 1.736)	0.09	− 1.353 (− 3.822, 1.116)	0.26	− 0.918 (− 3.297, 1.460)	0.18
Weight [kg]	62.8 (9.6)	62.8 (9.4)	63.0 (10.5)	61.6 (6.9)	− 0.475 (− 2.504, 1.554)	0.06	− 1.527 (− 5.376, 2.322)	0.19	− 2.002 (− 5.710, 1.706)	0.25
BMI [kg/m²]	24.8 (2.9)	24.9 (2.8)	24.5 (3.3)	24.2 (1.9)	− 0.328 (− 1.058, 0.403)	0.11	− 0.149 (− 1.535, 1.237)	0.05	− 0.477 (− 1.812, 0.858)	0.17
Body cell mass [%]	42.9 (5.0)	42.6 (5.0)	43.7 (5.0)	43.1 (5.3)	0.421 (− 0.536, 1.377)	0.11	− 0.993 (− 2.808, 0.822)	0.26	− 0.572 (− 2.321, 1.177)	0.15
Fat mass [%]	33.2 (7.6)	33.8 (7.5)	31.8 (7.6)	32.7 (7.9)	− 0.825 (− 2.305, 0.655)	0.14	1.590 (− 1.218, 4.398)	0.27	0.765 (− 1.940, 3.470)	0.13
ECW/TBW	39.3 (0.7)	39.2 (0.7)	39.5 (0.8)	39.7 (0.6)	*0.177 (0.024, 0.330)**	0.29	0.053 (− 0.237, 0.342)	0.09	0.229 (− 0.050, 0.509)	0.38
Basal metabolic rate [kcal]	1,275 (173)	1,268 (171)	1,297 (179)	1,268 (160)	3.193 (− 20.98, 27.36)	0.03	− 38.449 (− 84.31, 7.41)	0.40	− 35.257 (− 79.43, 8.92)	0.37

ECW/TBW extracellular to total body water ratio.

Mean (SD) of the continuous variables were presented. The mean difference ( $\bar{Δ})$ (and 95% confidence intervals) between groups were analyzed using estimated marginal means comparison from Generalized Linear Model upon controlling for age, sex, and GDS score. P values were adjusted using multiplicity adjustment Tukey test and denoted by * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Effect sizes (Γ) were calculated as suggested by Lakens (2013)⁴¹. Bold text indicates a significant mean difference with p < 0.05.