Figure 1.

Similar antibody responses in hospitalized patients living with or without HIV during SARS-CoV-2 D614G and Beta infections. Autologous antibody responses at admission against D614G spike for D614G infections and Beta spike for Beta infections in people without HIV (PWOH) (D614G, n = 39; Beta, n = 13) are shown in blue and for people living with HIV (PLWH) (D614G, n = 14; Beta, n = 9) are shown in red. (A) IgG binding by ELISA against autologous full-length spikes. (B) Neutralization of D614G or Beta pseudoviruses. (C) Antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) scores, as the percentage of monocytic cells that take up spike-coated beads multiplied by their geometric mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). (D) ADCC shown as relative light units (RLUs) signaling through FcγRIIIa-expressing cells. (E) ADCD is shown as the MFI of C3b deposition on spike-coated beads and (F) ADCT represented as the relative proportion of biotinylated spike-expressing cell membrane on carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)–positive monocytic cells. The lines represent geometric mean titers for the IgG and neutralization responses, and the median for the Fc-mediated responses. Limits of detection are shown with dotted lines. Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s correction was calculated for multiple test comparisons. (G) Autologous functional scores, referring to the activity of either the IgG-binding EC₅₀, neutralization ID₅₀, ADCP score, FcγRIIIa signaling RLU, ADCD score, or ADCT score measured against spike protein matching the infecting variant, among PLWH on antiretroviral treatment (ART) or ART-naïve at admission. PLWH on ART (n = 18), data shown as filled bars and ART-naïve participants (n = 5), data shown as unfilled bars. Error bars indicate standard deviation of the mean of participant data. Mann Whitney U test was used to compare groups. Statistical significance: **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05.