. 2023 Aug 3;14:1138239. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1138239

TABLE 2.

Performance of all fusion models.

Models	Fusion phase	Classifier	Training cohort				Validation cohort
Models	Fusion phase	Classifier	AUC (95%CI)	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	AUC (95%CI)	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity
Fusion 1	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1	LR	0.839 [0.767, 0.903]	0.750	0.576	0.939	0.751 [0.558, 0.917]	0.763	0.759	0.778
Fusion 1	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1	SVM	0.813 [0.734, 0.888]	0.758	0.606	0.924	0.789 [0.625, 0.929]	0.711	0.655	0.889
Fusion 2	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	LR	0.846 [0.770, 0.911]	0.811	0.742	0.894	0.812 [0.639, 0.943]	0.737	0.759	0.667
Fusion 2	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	SVM	0.804 [0.721, 0.874]	0.758	0.697	0.833	0.774 [0.604, 0.922]	0.711	0.690	0.778
Fusion 3	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.789 [0.707, 0.861]	0.758	0.591	0.939	0.766 [0.622, 0.904]	0.684	0.621	0.889
Fusion 3	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.760 [0.675, 0.840]	0.727	0.636	0.833	0.762 [0.588, 0.912]	0.632	0.621	0.667
Fusion 4	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	LR	0.823 [0.749, 0.889]	0.765	0.667	0.879	0.701 [0.488, 0.897]	0.658	0.621	0.778
Fusion 4	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	SVM	0.811 [0.739, 0.880]	0.735	0.727	0.758	0.609 [0.368, 0.828]	0.579	0.586	0.556
Fusion 5	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.754 [0.673, 0.830]	0.720	0.576	0.879	0.766 [0.596, 0.916]	0.711	0.724	0.667
Fusion 5	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.752 [0.672, 0.830]	0.712	0.773	0.667	0.818 [0.658, 0.958]	0.816	0.862	0.667
Fusion 6	_delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.854 [0.789, 0.913]	0.788	0.818	0.773	0.778 [0.593, 0.936]	0.763	0.828	0.556
Fusion 6	_delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.858 [0.790, 0.919]	0.811	0.803	0.833	0.808 [0.627, 0.952]	0.763	0.793	0.667
Fusion 7	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	LR	0.882 [0.816, 0.931]	0.833	0.742	0.939	0.808 [0.627, 0.954]	0.763	0.724	0.889
Fusion 7	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1	SVM	0.906 [0.846, 0.960]	0.864	0.833	0.909	0.808 [0.581, 0.975]	0.816	0.793	0.889
Fusion 8	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.804 [0.731, 0.875]	0.742	0.682	0.818	0.625 [0.441, 0.800]	0.605	0.655	0.444
Fusion 8	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.778 [0.693, 0.866]	0.765	0.803	0.742	0.743 [0.562, 0.904]	0.711	0.759	0.556
Fusion 9	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR*	0.862 [0.795, 0.912]	0.795	0.758	0.848	0.851 [0.717, 0.959]	0.842	0.828	0.889
Fusion 9	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.866 [0.796, 0.922]	0.818	0.864	0.788	0.659 [0.470, 0.844]	0.711	0.828	0.333
Fusion 10	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.805 [0.731, 0.873]	0.735	0.848	0.636	0.732 [0.535, 0.903]	0.711	0.828	0.333
Fusion 10	_delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	SVM	0.830 [0.761, 0.895]	0.780	0.727	0.848	0.774 [0.559, 0.938]	0.763	0.793	0.667
Fusion 11	_delta2AP-T1 and _delta2PVP-T1 and _delta2HBP-T1 and _delta2PVP-AP	LR	0.850 [0.785, 0.910]	0.780	0.712	0.864	0.720 [0.521, 0.890]	0.658	0.655	0.667
Fusion 11		SVM	0.857 [0.791, 0.918]	0.818	0.788	0.864	0.816 [0.630, 0.954]	0.658	0.621	0.778
Fusion 12	_delta3PVP-T1 and _delta3HBP-T1)	LR	0.866 [0.800, 0.922]	0.818	0.788	0.864	0.835 [0.697, 0.954]	0.789	0.828	0.667
Fusion 12	_delta3PVP-T1 and _delta3HBP-T1)	SVM	0.860 [0.789, 0.927]	0.811	0.758	0.879	0.743 [0.567, 0.906]	0.763	0.793	0.667

*Models with the best comprehensive performance were used for the construction of the nomogram.

T1, non-contrast T1-weighted imaging; AP, arterial phase; PVP, portal venous phase; HBP, hepatobiliary phase; LR, logistic regression; SVM, support vector machine; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.