Table 2.

Population‐attributable fractions (PAFs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for six social determinants on prevalent hypertension and hypertension not controlled by gender.

	Women	Men
PAF for prevalent hypertension (%)
Low educational attainment	5.4 (4.4–6.5)	1.9 (1.1–2.9)
Not non‐Hispanic White	1.6 (0.2–3.5)	0.7 (−0.1 to 1.7)
Low family income	0.6 (0.1–1.2)	0.3 (−0.5 to 1.1)
Not homeowner	8.2 (7.0–9.8)	5.6 (4.5–6.8)
Unmarried state	5.7 (4.0–7.6)	3.1 (2.2–4.2)
Unemployment	0.7 (−1.1 to 2.5)	2.3 (1.8–2.9)
PAF for uncontrolled hypertension (%)
Low educational attainment	5.6 (2.7–8.7)	2.2 (−0.1–4.8)
Not non‐Hispanic White	8.3 (2.5–15.1)	9.2 (5.9–12.6)
Low family income	4.2 (0.5–8.0)	7.7 (0.4–15.2)
Not homeowner	2.1 (0.3–4.1)	1.6 (−0.1 to 3.4)
Unmarried state	0.8 (−6.2 to 7.8)	1.6 (0.2–3.2)
Unemployment	1.6 (−0.7 to 4.1)	0.9 (−2.0 to 3.9)

Note: Data are PAFs with 95% CIs in parentheses. All adverse social determinants of health (SDH) are added to the model with adjusted for age, current smoking (yes/no), current drinking (yes/no), high level of physical activity (yes/no), sleep duration, sodium intake, body mass index, diagnosed diabetes (yes/no), and taking lipid‐lowering medications (yes/no).