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. 2023 Aug 18;13:13498. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38476-0

Table 5.

L3 larvae motility following incubation with bark extracts at 1000 µg/mL dry weight in two GIN species.

Solvent Water Ace-Wa Met-Wa
GIN species Bark Season Alive Dead Bark H0 Rejected Alive Dead Bark H0 Rejected Alive Dead Bark H0 Rejected
T.colubriformis S1 S 0.0043 0.0022 0.0035 Y 0.0043 0.0022 0.0042 N 0.0043 0.0022 0.0038 Y
W 0.0043 0.0022 0.0037 Y 0.0043 0.0022 0.0040 N 0.0043 0.0022 0.0039 Y
S2 S 0.0042 0.0008 0.0037 N 0.0042 0.0008 0.0038 N 0.0042 0.0008 0.0038 N
W 0.0042 0.0008 0.0037 N 0.0042 0.0008 0.0041 N 0.0042 0.0008 0.0040 N
P S 0.0043 0.0009 0.0033 Y 0.0043 0.0009 0.0044 N 0.0043 0.0009 0.0042 N
W 0.0043 0.0009 0.0033 Y 0.0043 0.0009 0.0035 N 0.0043 0.0009 0.0046 N
T.circumcincta S1 S 0.0088 0.0038 0.0038 Y 0.0088 0.0038 0.0041 Y 0.0088 0.0038 0.0040 Y
W 0.0088 0.0038 0.0042 Y 0.0088 0.0038 0.0039 Y 0.0088 0.0038 0.0041 Y
S2 S 0.0077 0.0031 0.0040 Y 0.0077 0.0031 0.0041 N 0.0077 0.0031 0.0041 N
W 0.0077 0.0031 0.0045 N 0.0077 0.0031 0.0038 Y 0.0077 0.0031 0.0046 N
P S 0.0077 0.0048 0.0067 Y 0.0077 0.0048 0.0038 Y 0.0077 0.0048 0.0041 Y
W 0.0077 0.0048 0.0043 N 0.0077 0.0048 0.0042 N 0.0077 0.0048 0.0047 N

Values for the ‘alive’ L3 control, ‘dead’ L3 control and ‘bark’ treated L3 represent mean (n = 3) larval motility adjusted for the covariate (motility of larvae prior to the addition of bark extracts). Bark treatments included: S1: spruce, sawmill, ring debarking; S2: spruce, pulp mill, drum debarking; P: pine, sawmill, ring debarking and were collected during summer (S) and winter (W) seasons. Each of the bark samples was extracted using water, acetone–water (Ace-Wa), or methanol–water (Met-Wa) as the solvent. The null hypothesis (H0) tested was that the motility of the larvae in the bark extract treatment differed significantly from the dead controls; rejected null hypothesis (Y) was indicative of strong antiparasitic activity, whereas not-rejected null hypothesis (N) was indicative of no strong antiparasitic activity. Bold are the extracts that showed significant antiparasitic activity.