Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Surgical and Non-surgical Cohorts in Ideation Analysis
| Total (n=38,199) | Received surgery (n=3,813) | Did not receive surgery (n=34,386) | SMD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 53.51 (9.40) | 52.83 (9.52) | 53.59 (9.39) | 0.08 |
| Male, n (%) | 30103 (78.8%) | 2907 (76.2%) | 27196 (79.1%) | 0.068 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.036 | |||
| Black or African American | 6035 (15.8%) | 627 (16.4%) | 5408 (15.7%) | |
| Other/Unknown | 2483 (6.5%) | 272 (7.1%) | 2211 (6.4%) | |
| White | 29681 (77.7%) | 2914 (76.4%) | 26767 (77.8%) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.281 | |||
| Married | 16962 (44.4%) | 1959 (51.4%) | 15003 (43.6%) | |
| Unmarried or unknown | 9801 (25.7%) | 590 (15.5%) | 9211 (26.8%) | |
| Previously married | 11436 (29.9%) | 1264 (33.1%) | 10172 (29.6%) | |
| Region, n (%) | 0.063 | |||
| Midwest | 6357 (16.6%) | 629 (16.5%) | 5728 (16.7%) | |
| Northeast | 7243 (19.0%) | 753 (19.7%) | 6490 (18.9%) | |
| Other | 201 (0.5%) | 8 (0.2%) | 193 (0.6%) | |
| South | 15399 (40.3%) | 1504 (39.4%) | 13895 (40.4%) | |
| West | 8999 (23.6%) | 919 (24.1%) | 8080 (23.5%) | |
| Risk Scorea, mean (SD) | 1.37 (1.05) | 1.43 (0.96) | 1.37 (1.05) | 0.062 |
| Comorbidities in prior year, n (%) | ||||
| Anxiety | 5342 (14.0%) | 556 (14.6%) | 4786 (13.9%) | 0.019 |
| Depression (treatment) | 15729 (41.2%) | 1649 (43.2%) | 14080 (40.9%) | 0.047 |
| Non-recent depression (7–24 months prior to index) | 15485 (40.5%) | 1685 (44.2%) | 13800 (40.1%) | 0.082 |
| Bipolar | 1803 (4.7%) | 204 (5.4%) | 1599 (4.7%) | 0.032 |
| Psychosis | 432 (1.1%) | 21 (0.6%) | 411 (1.2%) | 0.069 |
| Schizophrenia | 1189 (3.1%) | 47 (1.2%) | 1142 (3.3%) | 0.14 |
| Eating disorder | 194 (0.5%) | 61 (1.6%) | 133 (0.4%) | 0.123 |
| Alcohol use disorder | 1741 (4.6%) | 226 (5.9%) | 1515 (4.4%) | 0.069 |
| Opioid use disorder | 58 (0.2%) | 16 (0.4%) | 42 (0.1%) | 0.057 |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder | 7309 (19.1%) | 788 (20.7%) | 6521 (19.0%) | 0.043 |
| Cannabis use disorder | 376 (1.0%) | 28 (0.7%) | 348 (1.0%) | 0.03 |
| Tobacco use disorder | 5109 (13.4%) | 310 (8.1%) | 4799 (14.0%) | 0.187 |
| Other drug use disorder | 976 (2.6%) | 95 (2.5%) | 881 (2.6%) | 0.004 |
| Past suicide attempt everb, n (%) | 438 (1.1%) | 42 (1.1%) | 396 (1.2%) | 0.005 |
| Past suicidal ideation or suicide attempt everb, n (%) | 1207 (3.2%) | 114 (3.0%) | 1093 (3.2%) | 0.011 |
| Number of mental health-related outpatient visits in past year, mean (SD) | 8.08 (19.61) | 9.27 (17.72) | 7.94 (19.80) | 0.071 |
| Number of outpatient visits in past year, mean (SD) | 16.54 (15.75) | 20.78 (14.86) | 16.08 (15.78) | 0.307 |
a
Risk score was based on either Nosos or Diagnostic Cost Group (DCG) depending on year available (DCG was used by VA through 2006 then Nosos after)
b
More than 1 year prior to index date (individuals with suicidal ideation or suicide attempt within 1 year before index date were excluded from this cohort)
SD = standard deviation; SMD = standardized mean difference