Table 1.
Characteristics of Dry AMD Cases and Matched Controls
| Characteristic | Cases | Controls | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects, n | 194,135 | 193,990 | NA |
| Age group (y), n (%) | 0.976 | ||
| 55–64 | 43,708 (22.5) | 43,701 (22.5) | |
| 65–74 | 50,988 (26.3) | 50,984 (26.3) | |
| 75–84 | 66,383 (34.2) | 66,381 (34.2) | |
| ≥85 | 33,056 (17.0) | 32,924 (17.0) | |
| Age, mean ± SD | 74.16 ± 10.07 | 74.15 ± 10.06 | 0.62 |
| Female, n (%) | 113,070 (58.2) | 106,364 (54.8) | <0.001 |
| Region, n (%) | 0.999 | ||
| Northeast | 39,303 (20.3) | 39,269 (20.2) | |
| North Central | 60,089 (31.0) | 60,060 (31.0) | |
| South | 64,303 (33.1) | 64,276 (33.1) | |
| West | 30,440 (15.7) | 30,385 (15.7) | |
| Years in study, n (%) | 0.999 | ||
| 2008–2011 | 65,891 (33.9) | 65,852 (34.0) | |
| 2012–2014 | 71,979 (37.1) | 71,926 (37.1) | |
| 2015–2017 | 56,265 (29.0) | 56,212 (29.0) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index group, n (%) | 0.999 | ||
| 0 | 98,311 (50.6) | 98,277 (50.7) | |
| 1 | 38,938 (20.1) | 38,890 (20.1) | |
| 2 | 29,271 (15.1) | 29,243 (15.1) | |
| 3 or more | 27,615 (14.2) | 27,580 (14.2) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 1.07 (1.48) | 1.07 (1.49) | 0.425 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 49,988 (25.8) | 49,460 (25.5) | 0.071 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 11315 (5.8) | 8301 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 97,350 (50.2) | 93,738 (48.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 125,060 (64.4) | 124,980 (64.4) | 0.964 |
| Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, n (%) | 6497 (3.4) | 3361 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Proliferative diabetic retinopathy, n (%) | 1014 (0.5) | 783 (0.40) | <0.001 |
| Stage of dry AMD in 2017, n (%) | 14,812 (7.6) | NA | NA |
| Early | 3760 (12.7) | ||
| Intermediate | 912 (3.1) | ||
| Advanced | 152 (0.5) | ||
| Unspecified | 24,782 (83.7) |
Not until 2017 (the final year in this study) were ICD-10 codes expanded to allow us to distinguish among dry AMD stages.32 NA, not applicable.