Rowland 2004.

Study characteristics
Methods	cRCT Unit of randomization: cluster of households ICC: 0.04 Trial duration: 7 months (treatment period of 6 months)
Participants	Adults or children living in malaria‐endemic regions High‐risk population (refugees) Endemic region for P vivax Participants not screened for hypnozoites
Interventions	Topical repellent: Mosbar soap (20% DEET + 0.5% permethrin) Controls: placebo lotion Co‐interventions: none Treatment arms: Intervention: 67 households (618 participants) Controls: 60 households (530 participants)
Outcomes	Incidence of recorded adverse events (including skin irritation, local pain, eye irritation, irritation of upper airways, nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness or confusion, allergic or anaphylactic reactions, and systemic toxicity) Malaria prevalence Adherence to regular usage of the intervention (defined based on recommendations provided by researchers to participants of individual trials)
Notes	Carried out in a refugee camp with Afghan refugees in malaria‐endemic region of Pakistan Funded by HealthNet International’s Malaria and Leishmaniasis control and research programme