Table 2.
Instrumental gait assessment.
| NW (N = 85) | Cases (N = 65) | Controls (N = 20) | p-value | |Cohen's d| | Area under ROC curve |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stride length, mean (SD) | 76.97 (24.72) | 108.76 (17.41) | <0.001 | 1.367 | 0.845 |
| Double support, mean (SD) | 43.11 (9.45) | 34.77 (4.15) | 0.0003 | 0.977 | 0.778 |
| Velocity, mean (SD) | 60.88 (22.82) | 87.05 (17.78) | <0.001 | 1.202 | 0.815 |
| Stride width, mean (SD) | 12.56 (3.53) | 7.46 (2.93) | <0.001 | 1.501 | 0.867 |
| Step length, mean (SD) | 8.43 (12.40) | 54.45 (8.92) | <0.001 | 1.369 | 0.842 |
| Step time, mean (SD) | 0.64 (0.12) | 0.57 (0.06) | 0.0250 | 0.584 | 0.681 |
| Stride time, mean (SD) | 1.28 (0.25) | 1.15 (0.12) | 0.0253 | 0.582 | 0.673 |
| Stance, mean (SD) | 71.46 (4.84) | 67.15 (2.01) | 0.0002 | 0.999 | 0.780 |
| Swing, mean (SD) | 28.57 (4.79) | 32.85 (2.01) | 0.0002 | 0.992 | 0.780 |
| Single support, mean (SD) | 28.49 (4.66) | 32.60 (1.97) | 0.0003 | 0.978 | 0.771 |
| Cadence, mean (SD) | 94.57 (16.92) | 97.11 (15.31) | 0.5507 | 0.153 | 0.545 |
| FW (N = 82) | Cases (N = 62) | Controls (N = 20) | p -value | |Cohen's d| | Area under ROC curve |
| Stride length, mean (SD) | 88.96 (28.22) | 120.82 (20.86) | <0.001 | 1.195 | 0.821 |
| Double support, mean (SD) | 39.01 (8.72) | 31.15 (4.12) | 0.0002 | 0.999 | 0.773 |
| Velocity, mean (SD) | 81.16 (30.90) | 111.41 (29.63) | 0.0002 | 0.988 | 0.754 |
| Stride width, mean (SD) | 11.77 (3.53) | 7.33 (2.89) | <0.001 | 1.309 | 0.853 |
| Step length, mean (SD) | 44.39 (14.11) | 60.37 (10.55) | <0.001 | 1.197 | 0.822 |
| Step time, mean (SD) | 0.56 (0.08) | 0.51 (0.05) | 0.0162 | 0.632 | 0.671 |
| Stride time, mean (SD) | 1.12 (0.17) | 1.02 (0.11) | 0.0116 | 0.664 | 0.686 |
| Stance, mean (SD) | 69.47 (4.34) | 65.31 (1.91) | 0.0001 | 1.067 | 0.793 |
| Swing, mean (SD) | 30.55 (4.34) | 34.79 (1.91) | 0.0001 | 1.087 | 0.798 |
| Single support, mean (SD) | 30.54 (4.38) | 34.36 (2.14) | 0.0003 | 0.965 | 0.770 |
| Cadence, mean (SD) | 107.91 (17.06) | 111.02 (17.33) | 0.4826 | 0.181 | 0.549 |
| DT (N = 84) | Cases (N = 64) | Controls (N = 20) | p -value | |Cohen's d| | Area under ROC curve |
| Stride length, mean (SD) | 71.96 (25.41) | 101.81 (13.41) | <0.001 | 1.288 | 0.852 |
| Double support, mean (SD) | 46.11 (11.20) | 35.79 (4.04) | 0.0001 | 1.031 | 0.798 |
| Velocity, mean (SD) | 55.67 (25.10) | 71.76 (17.66) | 0.0093 | 0.682 | 0.711 |
| Stride width, mean (SD) | 13.55 (4.58) | 8.31 (3.57) | <0.001 | 1.199 | 0.831 |
| Step length, mean (SD) | 35.96 (12.67) | 51.05 (6.82) | <0.001 | 1.304 | 0.852 |
| Step time, mean (SD) | 0.66 (0.16) | 0.64 (0.10) | 0.7063 | 0.097 | 0.500 |
| Stride time, mean (SD) | 1.32 (0.31) | 1.31 (0.27) | 0.9332 | 0.022 | 0.500 |
| Stance, mean (SD) | 73.08 (5.55) | 67.49 (2.10) | <0.001 | 1.124 | 0.820 |
| Swing, mean (SD) | 27.02 (5.46) | 32.51 (2.10) | <0.001 | 1.122 | 0.820 |
| Single support, mean (SD) | 27.01 (5.49) | 32.11 (1.98) | 0.0001 | 1.038 | 0.796 |
| Cadence, mean (SD) | 91.30 (19.82) | 85.49 (17.19) | 0.2416 | 0.302 | 0.607 |
NW, normal walk; FW, fast walk; DT, dual task; SD, standard deviation. The bold values indicate the significant p values.