Figure 2.

Methods of quantifying PFJ overstuffing produced by Kemp et al. (34) The teardrop distance (A) is measured from the most posterior aspect of teardrop (B) to the anterior surface of the patella. The teardrop distance ratio (TDR) is composed of the teardrop distance divided by the shaft diameter (A). The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) distance (D) is measured from the MPFL origin to the anterior surface of the patella. The MPFL distance ratio (MPFLDR) is composed of MPFL distance divided by shaft diameter (A). The anterior trochlear offset ratio (ATOR) is composed of the anterior offset distance (E) divided by the shaft diameter ().