. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 21.

Published in final edited form as: J Res Educ Eff. 2022 Nov 1;16(3):419–441. doi: 10.1080/19345747.2022.2131660

Table 2.

Comparison of 200 districts, January 2021.

Source	Update frequency	Data collection	Question
Burbio^a	Weekly	Gathers information through web search on top 200 largest districts	Percentage of district offering: only virtual, combination, or traditional in-person
U.S. School Closure and Distance Learning Database^b	Monthly	SafeGraph GPS data on 80,785 public schools in the country	Decline in total visits to school compared to the same month in 2019 At least 50% decline → “closed” Report the percentage of schools in the district that are closed
MCH^c	Variable	Reached out to individual districts to get information	Teaching method: on premises, hybrid, online, unknown, other, or pending