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. 2023 Aug 21;23:583. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03268-5

Table 3.

The average adhesive remnant index (ARI) for each of the three study groups

Group Test of significance
p value
Group A
(n = 12)
Group B
(n = 12)
Group C
(n = 12)
Average ARI score

-Min-Max

-Mean ± Std. Deviation

-95% CI for mean

3.00–3.00

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00–3.00

3.00–3.00

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00–3.00

1.67–2.67

2.33 ± 0.35

2.11–2.55

 F(BF) = 44.000

p < .001*

Pairwise comparison using Games-Howell
Group A Group B Group C
Group A Diff=-0.000

Diff = 0.66667

p < .001*

Group B

Diff = 0.66667

p < .001*

Group C

n : Number of patients

Min-Max: Minimum – Maximum

CI: Confidence interval

* : Statistically significant (p < .05)

NS: Statistically not significant (p ≥ .05)

NA : non applicable (due to exact match)