Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Overall (N = 19,335) | No vitiligo treatment prior to diagnosis (N = 13,449) | Moderate-to-severe vitiligo (N = 3462) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 41.6 ± 14.0 | 40.7 ± 14.2 | 41.7 ± 13.8 |
| 12–17 years, n (%) | 1158 (6.0) | 934 (6.9) | 211 (6.1) |
| 18–64 years, n (%) | 18,177 (94.0) | 12,515 (93.1) | 3251 (93.9) |
| Female, n (%) | 15,884 (82.2) | 10,812 (80.4) | 2643 (76.3) |
| Moderate-to-severe vitiligo, n (%)a | 3462 (17.9) | 2715 (20.2) | 3462 (100.0) |
| Baseline comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Gastrointestinal disease | 5462 (28.2) | 3226 (24.0) | 1046 (30.2) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 5168 (26.7) | 3092 (23.0) | 955 (27.6) |
| Hypertension | 3830 (19.8) | 2296 (17.1) | 688 (19.9) |
| Anxiety | 3397 (17.6) | 2089 (15.5) | 616 (17.8) |
| Obesity | 2861 (14.8%) | 1703 (12.7) | 571 (16.5) |
| Depression | 2241 (11.6) | 1369 (10.2) | 427 (12.3) |
| Allergic rhinitis | 2162 (11.2) | 1075 (8.0) | 424 (12.3) |
| Sleep disorder | 1788 (9.3) | 1020 (7.6) | 371 (10.7) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 1905 (9.8) | 837 (6.2) | 349 (10.1) |
| Asthma | 1408 (7.3) | 635 (4.7) | 276 (8.0) |
| Autoimmune disorders | 1028 (5.3) | 399 (3.0) | 186 (5.4) |
| Conjunctivitis | 869 (4.5) | 480 (3.6) | 171 (4.9) |
| Chronic rhinosinusitis | 828 (4.3) | 337 (2.5) | 130 (3.8) |
| ADHD | 564 (2.9) | 374 (2.8) | 126 (3.6) |
| Atopic dermatitis | 390 (2.0) | 100 (0.7) | 81 (2.3) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 319 (1.7) | 95 (0.7) | 51 (1.5) |
| Psoriasis | 302 (1.6) | 79 (0.6) | 75 (2.2) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 237 (1.2) | 103 (0.8) | 48 (1.4) |
| Self harm and suicide | 187 (1.0) | 84 (0.6) | 25 (0.7) |
| Alopecia areata | 56 (0.3) | 24 (0.2) | 16 (0.5) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 21 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) |
ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, SD standard deviation
aModerate-to-severe vitiligo: patients initiating treatment post-vitiligo diagnosis as use of ≥ 1 systemic corticosteroid and/or phototherapy, and/or 3 or more dermatology visits for vitiligo diagnoses in the first 12 months post-index date