Table 1.

General characteristics. Characteristics are presented as median [quartiles] for each study group, i.e., controls, type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

	Controls (n = 23)	T1D (n = 9)	T2D (n = 24)	KW testa (p-value)	Controls vs. T1Db (p-value)	Controls vs. T2Db (p-value)	T1D vs. T2Db (p-value)
Age (years)	57 [46–68]	46 [39–54]	68 [60–74]	< 0.001	0.025	0.009	< 0.001
Height (cm)	173 [166–180]	166 [162–176]	176 [165–178]	0.334	N/A	N/A	N/A
Weight (kg)	79 [70–88]	74 [57–78]	86 [82–94]	0.004	0.106	0.042	0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	26 [24–29]	25 [22–26]	29 [26–32]	0.004	0.068	0.020	0.005
Disease duration (years)		28 [13–38]	10 [3–15]c	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.003
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	26 [25–29]	58[55–78]	46 [36–57]	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.006
HbA1c (%)	4.5 [4.4–4.8]	7.5 [7.2–9.2]	6.4 [5.4–7.4]

Characteristics between groups were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test with the post-hoc Mann–Whitney U-test, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Data have been published by Eriksson et al. (1994); Thomsen et al. (2009a,b), and Ekman et al. (2020).

N/A, not applicable.

^aKW, Kruskal–Wallis test.

^bMann–Whitney U-test.

^cn = 15.