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. 2023 Aug 8;14:1225586. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1225586

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Copyright © 2023 Molonia, Salamone, Muscarà, Costa, Vento, Saija, Speciale and Cimino.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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C3G effect on pAMPK levels (A), Ucp1 (B) and Pgc1 (C) gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells treated in early or late phase, and expression of CEBP/β (D) and PPARγ (E) with the AMPK inhibitor (Compound C—100 nM) in 3T3-L1 cells treated during the early phase. Densitometry data are reported as fold change vs. MDI control. Ucp1 (B) and Pgc1 (C) mRNA expression levels were analyzed by real time PCR. All data are expressed as mean ± SD of four independent experiments (n = 4) each performed in triplicate. Means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05).