Table 1.

Critical appraisal result using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies.

Ref. no	Study	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	# Yes (✓)	%Yes (✓)	Overall appraisal
10	Vendhan et al., 2014b	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
11	Mohan et al., 2009	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
13	Das et al., 2010	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
14	Pinidiyapathirage et al., 2011	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
15	Dassanayake et al., 2009	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
16	Alam et al., 2018	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
17	Fahim et al., 2020	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
18	Rahman et al., 2020	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
19	Alam et al., 2013	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
20	Amarapurkar et al., 2007	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
21	Karla et al., 2013	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include
22	Vendhan et al., 2014 a	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
23	Praveenraj et al., 2015	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
24	Majumdar et al., 2016	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
25	Anurag et al., 2015	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include
26	Ajmal et al., 2014	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
27	Uchil et al., 2009	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	?	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
28	Rajput et al., 2019	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
29	Kubihal et al., 2021	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	8	88.90%	Include
30	Harsha Varma et al., 2019	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
31	Atri et al., 2020	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	7	77.80%	Include
32	Shrestha et al., 2019	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include
33	Paudel et al., 2019	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	9	100%	Include
34	Iftikhar et al., 2015	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	8	88.90%	Include
35	Ghani et al., 2017	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	x	?	✓	✓	6	66.70%	Include
36	Shah et al., 2018	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
37	Hamid et al., 2019	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include
38	Abbas et al., 2013	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include
39	Taseer et al., 2009	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	?	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
	Bano et al., 2008	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	?	x	✓	5	55.60%	Exclude
40	Herath HMM et al., 2019	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	6	66.70%	Include
41	Herath RP et al., 2019	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		8	100%	Include
42	Perera et al., 2016	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	x	✓	7	77.80%	Include

Questions (Q) used in the checklist–Q1: Was the sample frame appropriate to address the target population? Q2: Were study participants sampled in an appropriate way? Q3: Was the sample size adequate? Q4: Were the study subjects and the setting described in detail? Q5: Was the data analysis conducted with sufficient coverage of the identified sample? Q6: Were valid methods used for the identification of the condition? Q7: Was the condition measured in a standard, reliable way for all participants? Q8: Was there appropriate statistical analysis? Q9: Was the response rate adequate, and if not, was the low response rate managed appropriately?

✓–“Yes”, x–“No”, ?–“unclear”.