Table 3:
Overview of studies included in the literature review.
| Article title (year) | Number of participants and age (SD) | Level of amputation | LEGEND grade | Article type | Outcomes of interest/intervention | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skin problems of the stump and hand function in lower limb amputations (2008)25 | n=60(43 M, 17 F) Age: 62.3 (15.4) | TT (50KD (10) | Good Quality (4a) | Historic Cohort Explorative study | Relationship between impaired hand function and liner-related skin problems of the residual limb. | Impaired hand function was significantly related to liner-related skin problems. |
| The effect of prosthetic rehabilitation in lower limb amputees (1995)26 | n=29(22 M, 7 F) Age: 64 (n/a) | TT (19)TF (10) | Lesser Quality (4b) | Qualitative (Questionna ire) | Efficacy of training following prosthesis prescription in promoting constant use of the prosthesis. | More effective communication between the patient and healthcare team is needed. |
| Improper use of a transtibial prosthesis silicone liner causing pressure ulceration (2009)27 | n=1 (M)Age: 80 | TT | Good Quality (5a) | Case Report | Importance of appropriate candidate selection for roll-on liners, proper patient and professional training, and management of patient comorbidities. | Pressure ulcers may be prevented with proper education of caregivers and patients in correct use of all prosthetic components. |
| Knowledge and skill of patients with regard to amputations stump bandaging, prior to a prosthesis (199828 | n=33(21 M, 12 F) Age: 23-78(average age and SD not specified) | LLA | Lesser Quality (4b) | Descriptive Study | Knowledge and skill of patients with regard to residual limb bandaging prior to fitting of a prosthesis. Success post-amputation is highly dependent on the quality of education on residual limb bandaging given. | Success post-amputation is highly dependent on the quality of education on correct residual limb bandaging. |
| Issues of importance reported by persons with lower limb amputations and prostheses (1999)29 | n=92(79 M, 13 F) Age: 55 (n/a) | Through the knee, TT, Symes | Good Quality (4a) | Descriptive Study | Improve decisions related to amputation levels and prosthetic prescription. | Fit of the prosthesis socket with the residual limb, aspects of mechanical functioning of the prosthesis, other non-mechanical qualities, and advice about adaptation to life with a prosthesis with support from others are the major themes deemed important to those living with LLA. |
| Incorporating self-management in prosthetic rehabilitation: case report of an integrated knowledge-to-action process (2015)30 | n=20 (sex not specified)Age: adult | LLA | Good Quality (5a) | Case Report | Knowledge-to-action process for prosthesis self-management education. | Group training adds value to the prosthesis management education process. |
| Staying "just normal": preservation strategies in prosthesis use (2019)31 | n=24(19 M, 5 F) Age: 43.89 (12.66) | Upper and Lower Limb Loss (7 Congenital, 17 acquired,2 not disclosed) | Lesser Quality (4b) | Qualitative Grounded Theory | Practices used by persons with LLA to manage their prosthetic limbs. | Individuals use a variety of preservation strategies to manage threats and limitations of prostheses in order to live “normally” with a prosthesis. |
Abbreviation: SD, Standard Deviation; n, number; M, Male; F, Female; TT, Trans-tibial; KD, Knee Disarticulation; TF, Trans-femoral; LLA, Lower Limb Amputation