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. 2023 Aug 22;18(8):e0290046. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290046

Fig 3. STX-S exosome vaccine elicited a robust immune response using significantly lower amounts of antigen compared to recombinant protein vaccines.

Fig 3

The STX-S vaccine induced robust expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in mice after 1 (day 14) and 2 (day 35) IM injections as analyzed by ELISA. PBS was used as a vehicle control in all studies. STX-S vaccine exosomes were administered at the doses described in methods and shown in representative graphs above. (A) STX-S study 1, Day 14 after a single IM injection (B) STX-S study 2, Day 14 after a single IM injection (C) STX-S study 1, D ay 35 after complete immunization (two IM injections). (D) STX-S study 2, Day 35 after complete immunization (two IM injections). Spike protein at the same dose in combination with adjuvant (Adj+S) was evaluated in STX-S study 2 (red bar) and did not elicit an immune response (not statistically significant from pbs control). N = 10/experimental group. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. **** p<0.0005, ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05, ns = not significant, 1-way ANOVA.