Table 1. .
Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli (CP-Ec) Isolates
| Total Patients (n = 114) | MBL-Ec (n = 49) | Non–MBL-Ec (n = 65) | P a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (Q1, Q3), y | 60 (42, 74) | 60 (37, 74) | 61 (45, 76) | .97 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 57 (50%) | 21 (43%) | 36 (55%) | .19 |
| Countryb | <.0001c | |||
| Australia | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| China | 24 (21%) | 23 (47%) | 1 (2%) | |
| Colombia | 26 (23%) | 5 (10%) | 21 (32%) | |
| Lebanon | 34 (30%) | 16 (33%) | 18 (28%) | |
| Singapore | 4 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (6%) | |
| United States | 25 (22%) | 4 (8%) | 21 (32%) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index,d median (Q1, Q3) | 2 (0, 3) | 2 (0, 3) | 2 (1, 4) | .12 |
| Pitt bacteremia score,e median (Q1, Q3) | 2 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 2) | 2 (0, 3) | .005 |
| Admitted from, n (%) | .10f | |||
| Home | 80 (70%) | 32 (65%) | 48 (74%) | |
| Hospital transfer | 28 (25%) | 16 (33%) | 12 (18%) | |
| Long-term care | 4 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (6%) | |
| Transfer from outside country? | 2 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | |
| Location on day of positive culture, n (%) | .10 | |||
| Intensive care unit | 32 (28%) | 13 (27%) | 19 (29%) | |
| Medical/surgical ward | 62 (40%) | 29 (59%) | 33 (51%) | |
| Emergency room | 15 (13%) | 3 (6%) | 12 (18%) | |
| Other | 5 (4%) | 4 (8%) | 1 (2%) | |
| Days from admittance to positive culture,f median (Q1, Q3) | 6 (1, 17) | 6 (1, 15) | 6 (0, 21) | .67 |
| Culture source, n (%) | ||||
| Blood | 24 (21%) | 3 (6%) | 21 (32%) | .02f |
| Urine | 39 (34%) | 20 (41%) | 19 (29%) | |
| Respiratory | 10 (9%) | 6 (12%) | 4 (6%) | |
| Wound | 8 (7%) | 4 (8%) | 4 (6%) | |
| Non-wound abdominal | 12 (11%) | 6 (12%) | 6 (9%) | |
| Other | 21 (18%) | 10 (20%) | 11 (17%) | |
| Isolates meeting infection criteria, n (%) | 57 (50%) | 19 (39%) | 38 (58%) | .04 |
Abbreviations: MBL, metallo-β-lactamase gene; non–MBL, no metallo-β-lactamase gene present; Q, quartile.
Statistical tests performed include chi-square test for categorical variables, except in the case of low expected cell counts when Fisher's exact was used, and Kruskal-Wallis test for differences in distributions for continuous variables. P values compare isolates harboring MBL with those not harboring MBL.
Percentages may total >100% due to rounding.
Fisher's exact test conducted when any expected cell counts were <5.
A chronic comorbidity score ranging from 0 to 37, with higher scores indicating the presence of more comorbidities.
An acute severity of illness score, with higher scores indicating more severe illness.
Time to first positive culture indicates the number of days from admission to the collection date of the index culture, with 0 indicating that the index culture was obtained on the day of admission.