Table 2.
Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination on antibody responses, T-cell responses, and breakthrough infection in cladribine-treated MS patients
| N° patients treated with Cladribine | Antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination | T-cell response after COVID-19 vaccination | Breakthrough infection | References | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % of patients with IgG response | Magnitude of IgG levels | % of patients with T-cell response | Magnitude of T-cell response | |||||
| % of patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG Ab | % of patients with positive SARS-CoV-2RBD IgG Ab | SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG Ab |
SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG Ab | |||||
| 23 | 100% | ND | Not different to HC | ND | ND | ND | ND | [60] |
| 25 | ND | 100% | ND | Not different to untreated patients | ND | ND | ND | [63] |
| 20 | 80% | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | [64] |
| 34 | 100% | 100% | Not different to HC, untreated patients and IFN-β1a treated MS patients | Not different to HC | ND | ND | ND | [65] |
| 2 | ND | 100% | ND | Not different to untreated patients | ND | ND | ND | [66] |
| 3 | 100% | ND | ND | ND | ND | [82] | ||
| 38 | 100% | ND | Not impaired by the treatment | ND | ND | ND | ND | [71] |
| 20 | ND | 100% | ND | Lower than HC and IFN-β- treated patients | 70% | Lower than IFN-β- treated patients | ND | [68] |
| 570 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.70% | [73] | |
| 15 | ND | 86.7% | ND | Not different from untreated patients | ND | ND | ND | [83] |
| 1 | 100% | ND | Not different from untreated patients | 100% | ND | [72] | ||
| 3 | ND | 100% | 66% | ND | [70] | |||
| 11 | 64% | ND | ND | ND | ND | [69] | ||