Table 3.

Associations between BBB permeability, WMH volume and cognition in all patients

	MMSE		BNT		VFT
	βb	p	βb	p	βb	p
PS in periventricular WMHa	− 0.579	< 0.001	− 0.511	< 0.001	− 0.354	0.010
PS in deep WMHa	− 0.442	< 0.001	− 0.410	0.004	− 0.276	0.046
Total WMH volumec	− 0.186	0.164	− 0.082	0.585	− 0.097	0.501

WMH white matter hyperintensities, PS permeability–surface area product (unit min⁻¹), MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, CI cognitive impairment, VFT verbal fluency test, BNT Boston Naming Test, ICV intracranial volume, GMV grey matter volume

^aData are natural log-transformed in the models

^bAll models are adjusted for age, education level and GMV/ICV

^cTotal WMH volume is expressed as a percentage of ICV