Table 4.

Associations between BBB permeability, WMH volume and cognition in patients with cognitive impairment

	MMSE		BNT		VFT
	βb	p	βb	p	βb	p
PS in periventricular WMHa	− 0.536	< 0.001	− 0.513	0.006	− 0.218	0.236
PS in deep WMHa	− 0.389	0.014	− 0.339	0.105	− 0.154	0.452
Total WMH volumec	− 0.318	0.076	− 0.214	0.308	− 0.249	0.198

WMH white matter hyperintensities, PS permeability–surface area product (unit min⁻¹), MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, CI cognitive impairment, VFT verbal fluency test, BNT Boston Naming Test, ICV intracranial volume, GMV grey matter volume

^aData are natural log-transformed in the models

^bAll models are adjusted for age, education level and GMV/ICV

^cTotal WMH volume is expressed as a percentage of ICV