A novel closed-loop spinal cord stimulation (SCS) system records evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs) from the spinal cord and uses these recordings to automatically adjust the stimulation intensity in real time.

The objective of the data collection was to evaluate the performance of this first closed-loop SCS system in a ‘real-world’ setting under normal conditions of use in a single European center.

A significant decrease in pain intensity was observed for overall back or leg pain scores were observed between baseline and follow-up visits, and patients were satisfied with the therapy.

The initial data on ECAP-controlled closed-loop SCS in a real-world clinical setting are promising.

The present results demonstrate that pain relief is sustained over a 12-month period and confirm the results of the prospective, multicenter, single-arm AVALON study and the double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled EVOKE study.