Table 4.
Risk factors of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 disease-induced gastrointestinal autonomic dysfunction
1 Severe disease |
2 Presence of hyperinflammation and hypoxia |
3 Longer duration of disease |
4 Old age |
5 Down-regulation of the IKBKAP gene |
6 Up-regulation of N-type calcium channels |
7 Presence of smell loss or dyspnoea |
8 Presence of comorbidities characterized by high sympathetic activity, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension |