Table 4.
Risk factors of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 disease-induced gastrointestinal autonomic dysfunction
| 1 Severe disease |
| 2 Presence of hyperinflammation and hypoxia |
| 3 Longer duration of disease |
| 4 Old age |
| 5 Down-regulation of the IKBKAP gene |
| 6 Up-regulation of N-type calcium channels |
| 7 Presence of smell loss or dyspnoea |
| 8 Presence of comorbidities characterized by high sympathetic activity, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension |