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. 2023 Aug 9;14:1214534. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214534

Table 2.

OLS regression for medium-term outcomes: CRT score, grade in econometrics, and self-reported GPA.

Variables Score in CRT Course grade (std) GPA
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
LUPI-All −40.024** −0.029** −0.013* −0.016** −0.005* −0.007**
(0.010) (0.012) (0.007) (0.007) (0.003) (0.003)
LUPI-All - LUPI-40 0.030** 0.041** 0.003 0.011 0.005 0.007
(0.015) (0.017) (0.010) (0.011) (0.004) (0.004)
LUPI-Exam - LUPI-40 −0.008 −0.001 −0.001
(0.006) (0.004) (0.001)
Constant 2.273*** 2.470*** 0.477*** 0.513*** 4.064*** 4.127***
(0.169) (0.201) (0.114) (0.125) (0.046) (0.054)
Observations 113 92 99 92 108 87
R-squared 0.083 0.100 0.046 0.055 0.056 0.066
Mean VIF 1.48 1.37 1.45 1.37 1.49 1.37

Gender of the student (=1 if female) is a control omitted from the output. It is statistically significant only in model (1). The coefficient is −0.547 with a standard error 0.239. Mean variance inflation factors (VIFs) reported for each regression. The largest individual VIF was 1.73. Standard errors in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1.