Table 4.

Vaccination timing and vaccine type for all vaccine doses administered to weaned and suckling calves for common vaccine targets used in 131 Canadian cow-calf herds.

Vaccination timing	BVDV types 1 or 2	IBR, BRSV, and PI3	Mh +/− Pm a	H. somni	Clostridia spp.
Suckling calves
Birth – 2 weeks	0 (0)	0.21 (27)	0.07 (9)	0 (0)	0.04 (5)
2 weeks – 3 months	0.50 (65)	0.60 (79)	0.42 (55)	0.31 (40)	0.67 (88)
>3 months	0.52 (68)	0.62 (81)	0.40 (53)	0.23 (30)	0.42 (55)
Modified live vaccine	0s.75 (98)	0.91 (119)	0.18 (23)	n/a	n/a
Birth – 2 weeks	(0)	0.20 (26)	0.07 (9)	n/a	n/a
2 weeks – 3 months	0.49 (64)	0.60 (78)	0.08 (11)	n/a	n/a
>3 months	0.50 (65)	0.62 (81)	0.08 (10)	n/a	n/a
Inactivated/killed vaccine	0.03 (4)	0.02 (2)	0.47 (61)	0.40 (52)	0.87 (114)
Birth – 2 weeks	0 (0)	0.01 (1)	0.01 (1)	0 (0)	0.04 (5)
2 weeks – 3 months	0.01 (1)	0.01 (1)	0.34 (44)	0.31 (40)	0.67 (88)
>3 months	0.02 (3)	0 (0)	0.33 (43)	0.23 (30)	0.42 (55)
Intranasal vaccine	n/a	0.33 (43)	0.10 (13)	n/a	n/a
Birth – 2 weeks	n/a	0.20 (26)	0.07 (9)	n/a	n/a
2 weeks – 3 months	n/a	0.14 (18)	0.03 (4)	n/a	n/a
>3 months	n/a	0.03 (4)	0.01 (1)	n/a	n/a
Weaned calves
At weaning	0.40 (52)	0.40 (52)	0.20 (26)	0.16 (21)	0.20 (26)
After weaning	0.27 (35)	0.23 (30)	0.16 (21)	0.08 (11)	0.09 (12)
Modified live vaccine	0.56 (73)	0.57 (75)	0.05 (6)	n/a	n/a
At weaning	0.38 (50)	0.41 (54)	0.02 (3)	n/a	n/a
After weaning	0.26 (34)	0.21 (28)	0.02 (3)	n/a	n/a
Inactivated/killed vaccine	0.02 (3)	0.02 (2)	0.30 (39)	0.27 (21)	0.27 (36)
At weaning	0.02 (2)	0.01 (1)	0.18 (23)	0.16 (21)	0.20 (26)
After weaning	0.01 (1)	0.02 (2)	0.14 (18)	0.08 (11)	0.09 (12)
Intranasal vaccine	n/a	0.02 (3)	0 (0)	n/a	n/a
At weaning	n/a	0.02 (3)	0 (0)	n/a	n/a
After weaning	n/a	0.01 (1)	0 (0)	n/a	n/a

Reported as proportion of herds that vaccinated (number of herds).

^aMannheimia haemolytica with or without Pasteurella multocida; n/a = not applicable: no registered MLV vaccine available for listed bacterial target.