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. 2023 Aug 9;14:1159022. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1159022

Table 5.

Independent samples t-test results of job performance.

Job performance Workers’ job value status
0 1 t-test
Employment form 0 M1 = 3.63, SD1 = 0.45 M2 = 2.71, SD2 = 0.74 ut12(107) = −8.90**
1 M3 = 4.33, SD3 = 0.42 M4 = 4.46, SD4 = 0.41 t34(277) = 2.54*
t-test t13(241) = 11.94** ut24(91) = 17.88** t14(192) = 13.36**, ut23(85) = 16.91**

N = 426 (n1 = 79, n2 = 68, n3 = 164, n4 = 115). SD, standard deviation. For employment form, 0 = outsourced, 1 = standard. For workers’ job value status, 0 = peripheral-status, 1 = core-status.uUnequal variance t-test (the results of Levene’s test rejected the null hypothesis of variance equality). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.