Table 5. Effect of EMS application dose, EMS exposure period and presoaking duration on shoot length in rice seedling experiment (mm).

EMS application dose (%)	EMS exposure period (h)	Presoaking duration (h)				Mean
		0	6	12	24
0.0%	6	31.9ae	30.5af	26.5bj	19.3im	27.0 b
	12	33.1ac	31.5af	33.1ac	31.8af	32.4 a
	24	32.6ae	31.7af	33.9ab	30.2ag	32.1 a
	48	21.4hl	36.3a	33.7ab	33.1ad	31.1 ab
Mean		29.7a	32.5a	31.8a	28.6a	30.6 A
0.5%	6	18.8jm	17.4ko	24.9ck	18.9jm	19.9 c
	12	4.3pq	12.4mp	30.0ag	26.2bj	18.2 cd
	24	20.7hm	19.6im	24.6ek	18.2jn	20.8 c
	48	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0 f
Mean		10.9de	12.3ce	19.9b	15.8bc	14.7 B
1%	6	0.0q	22.0gl	27.6bi	26.3bj	18.9 cd
	12	0.0q	23.5fl	18.2jn	20.3hm	15.5 d
	24	0.0q	9.9np	17.6kn	0.0q	6.9 e
	48	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0 f
Mean		0.0f	13.8cd	15.8bc	11.6ce	10.3 C
2%	6	10.3np	28.3ah	16.0lo	24.6dk	19.8 c
	12	0.0q	0.0q	9.1op	25.5bk	8.6 e
	24	0.0q	4.3pq	16.0lo	0.0q	5.1 e
	48	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0q	0.0 f
Mean		2.6f	8.1e	10.3de	12.5cd	8.4 C
General average		10.8C	16.7B	19.4A	17.1B	16.2
**	**	**

**: significant at the 1% level; NS: no significant differences. Values followed by the same letter are not statistically significantly different. A: Presoaking duration; A: EMS application dose; a: EMS application dose × EMS exposure period interaction; a: EMS application dose × Presoaking duration; a: Three-way interaction which EMS application Dose × EMS exposure period × Presoaking duration. LSD _dose = 2.1; LSD _Duration= 2.1; LSD _Presoaking = 2.1; LSD _{Dose×Duration}=4.1; LSD _{Dose×Presoaking}=4.1; LSD _{Duration×Presoaking}=4.1; LSD _{Dose×EMSduration×Presoaking} = 8.2; CV (%) = 37.5. CV, coefficient of variation; EMS, ethyl methanesulfonate; LSD, least significant difference.