. 2023 Jul 31;16(7):1534–1540. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1534-1540

Table-3.

Effect of non-ventilation periods in the incubators on triiodothyronine, thyroid, and corticosterone hormones for embryos and hatched chicks.

Traits	NV			V	p-value

	0–3 d (NV1)	0–6 d (NV2)	0–9 d (NV3)	0–18 d
Triiodothyronine (T₃, ng/mL)
Embryos at 17^th d	2.62^b ± 0.05	2.70^b ± 0.04	2.90^a ± 0.04	2.12^c ± 0.03	<0.000
Embryos at 18^th d	2.81^c ± 0.11	3.05^b ± 0.02	3.65^a ± 0.02	2.30^d ± 0.04	<0.000
Pipped chicks	3.35^b ± 0.02	3.50^b ± 0.08	3.85^a ± 0.02	2.70^c ± 0.04	<0.000
Hatched chicks	2.40^c ± 0.04	2.55^b ± 0.02	2.85^a ± 0.02	2.05 ^d ± 0.02	<0.000
Thyroid (T₄, ng/mL)
Embryos at 17^th d	4.75^c ± 0.06	5.00^b ± 0.04	5.75^a ± 0.02	3.45^d ± 0.02	<0.000
Embryos at 18^th d	7.65^b ± 0.02	7.90^b ± 0.08	8.40^a ± 0.08	4.15^c ± 0.15	<0.000
Pipped chicks	8.50^c ± 0.09	8.90^b ± 0.13	9.85^a ± 0.02	5.20^d ± 0.04	<0.000
Hatched chicks	4.50^c ± 0.04	4.85^b ± 0.11	5.80^a ± 0.08	3.30^d ± 0.04	<0.000
Corticosterone (ng/mL)
Embryos at 17^th d	12.73^a ± 0.26	12.65^a ± 0.37	13.55^a ± 0.35	11.32^b ± 0.33	<0.000
Embryos at 18^th d	15.81^b ± 0.22	16.89^b ± 0.52	18.84^a ± 0.29	14.43^c ± 0.19	<0.000
Pipped chicks	18.58^b ± 0.44	20.22^b ± 0.72	22.78^a ± 0.62	16.41^c ± 0.20	<0.000
Hatched chicks	17.18^b ± 0.42	18.41^b ± 0.32	19.78^a ± 0.39	14.90^c ± 0.17	<0.000

^a,b,c,dMeans having different letters in the same row are significantly different (p ≤ 0.05), d=Day, NV=Non-ventilated, V=Ventilated