. 2023 May 1;16(3):620–637.

Table 5.

Measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength.

Study	Groups	VO₂max or VO₂peak where indicated (mL/kg/min)	Knee Extension MVC	Elbow Flexion MVC	Plantar Flexion MVC (Nm)	Grip Strength (kg)
Aagaard et al. (2007)	Resistance trained	26.6 ± 3.6	2.88 ± 0.63 Nm/kg	-	-	-
Aagaard et al. (2007)	Sedentary	25.9 ± 3.2	2.21 ± 0.52 Nm/kg	-	-	-

Ari et al. (2004)	Endurance trained	31.2 ± 6.2	-	-	-	-
Ari et al. (2004)	Sedentary	18.8 ± 5.1	-	-	-	-

Buyukyazi et al. (2003)	Endurance Trained	31.4 ± 5.9	-	-	-	-

Carrick-Ranson et al. (2014)	Endurance trained	40 ± 5	-	-	-	-
Carrick-Ranson et al. (2014)	Sedentary	25 ± 5.1	-	-	-	-

Kasch et al. (1999)	Endurance trained (pre)	45.9 ± 5.5	-	-	-	-
Kasch et al. (1999)	Endurance trained (post)	37.0 ± 5.2	-	-	-	-

Mckendry et al. (2020)	Endurance trained	49.3 ± 3.6 (estimated)	520 ± 105 Nm; 62 ± 13 Nm/kg leg FFM	223 ± 43 Nm; 68 ± 12 Nm/kg leg FFM	-	47 ± 5.9
Mckendry et al. (2020)	Sedentary	36.7 ± 6.5 (estimated)	471 ± 118 Nm; 57 ± 13 Nm/kg leg FFM	257 ± 49 Nm; 77 ± 10 Nm/kg leg FFM	-	46.3 ± 8.4

Pollock et al. (1997)	Endurance trained (pre)	54.2 ± 7.7	-	-	-	-
	Endurance trained (post)	40.8 ± 9.5	-	-	-	-
	Sedentary (pre)	50 ± 8.7	-	-	-	-
	Sedentary (post)	27 ± 0.1	-	-	-	-

Sanada et al. (2009)	Endurance trained	35.0 ± 6.5 (VO₂peak)	-	-	-	48.8 ± 6.9

Stenroth et al. (2016)	Endurance trained	-	-	-	134.5 ± 37.1	-
Stenroth et al. (2016)	Sedentary	-	-	-	132 ± 21	-

Trappe et al. (2013)	Endurance trained	38 ± 1	-	-	-	-
Trappe et al. (2013)	Sedentary	21 ± 1	-	-	-	-

FFM = fat-free mass, MVC = maximal voluntary contraction, VO₂max = maximal oxygen consumption, VO₂peak = peak oxygen consumption