Table 2.
Meta-analyses of studies reporting prevalence of any HPV, HR-HPV, HPV-16, and HPV-6 by region and income classification
|
Any type |
HR-HPV |
HPV-16 |
HPV-6 |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of studies | Number of men | HPV prevalence, % (95% CI) | Number of studies | Number of men | HPV prevalence, % (95% CI) | Number of studies | Number of men | HPV prevalence, % (95% CI) | Number of studies | Number of men | HPV prevalence, % (95% CI) | ||
| Region | |||||||||||||
| Global* | 65 | 44 769 | 31% (27–35) | 56 | 41 617 | 21% (18–24) | 54 | 41 482 | 5% (4–7) | 53 | 41 045 | 4% (3–5) | |
| Australia and New Zealand (Oceania) | 1 | 511 | 28% (24–32) | 1 | 511 | 19% (16–23) | 1 | 511 | 3% (2–5) | 1 | 511 | 3% (2–5) | |
| Eastern and South-Eastern Asia† | 11 | 10 335 | 15% (11–21) | 10 | 10 030 | 10% (7–13) | 9 | 10 110 | 2% (1–5) | 9 | 10 110 | 3% (0–10) | |
| Eastern Asia | 10 | 9946 | 15% (10–20) | 9 | 9641 | 9% (6–12) | 8 | 9721 | 2% (1–5) | 8 | 9721 | 3% (0–11) | |
| Europe and Northern America‡ | 31 | 16 074 | 36% (32–41) | 26 | 13 947 | 24% (20–28) | 27 | 13 577 | 7% (5–9) | 26 | 13 142 | 4% (3–5) | |
| Europe | 19 | 8911 | 31% (25–37) | 16 | 7412 | 22% (17–28) | 16 | 6732 | 6% (4–7) | 15 | 6296 | 3% (2–5) | |
| Northern America | 13 | 7163 | 45% (38–51) | 11 | 6535 | 27% (21–32) | 12 | 6845 | 9% (6–12) | 12 | 6846 | 5% (3–7) | |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 15 | 9028 | 30% (21–40) | 12 | 8308 | 22% (16–29) | 10 | 8463 | 7% (4–10) | 10 | 8461 | 4% (3–6) | |
| Central America | 7 | 4090 | 26% (13–41) | 7 | 4090 | 16% (8–26) | 5 | 3923 | 5% (2–9) | 5 | 3923 | 2% (0–4) | |
| South America | 8 | 3637 | 34% (19–50) | 5 | 2917 | 31% (21–43) | 5 | 3239 | 11% (5–20) | 5 | 3239 | 7% (6–9) | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 10 | 8558 | 37% (26–49) | 10 | 8558 | 25% (18–32) | 10 | 8558 | 4% (3–7) | 10 | 8558 | 4% (3–6) | |
| Eastern Africa | 6 | 5551 | 38% (23–55) | 6 | 5551 | 24% (15–35) | 6 | 5551 | 5% (2–9) | 6 | 5551 | 4% (2–5) | |
| Southern Africa | 4 | 3007 | 35% (21–51) | 4 | 3007 | 25% (17–34) | 4 | 3007 | 4% (3–5) | 4 | 3007 | 6% (3–10) | |
| Income level | |||||||||||||
| High income | 36 | 17 116 | 34% (29–39) | 31 | 14 989 | 23% (19–27) | 30 | 14 394 | 7% (5–9) | 29 | 13 959 | 4% (3–5) | |
| Low and middle income | 31 | 27 390 | 28% (22–34) | 27 | 26 365 | 19% (15–24) | 26 | 26 825 | 4% (3–6) | 26 | 26 823 | 4% (2–6) | |
| Upper-middle income | 25 | 21 839 | 26% (20–32) | 21 | 20 814 | 18% (14–22) | 20 | 21 274 | 4% (3–6) | 20 | 21 272 | 4% (2–7) | |
| Lower-middle income | 3 | 4231 | 40% (18–65) | 3 | 4231 | 26% (12–44) | 3 | 4231 | 6% (1–13) | 3 | 4231 | 4% (2–5) | |
| Low income | 3 | 1320 | 36% (9–70) | 3 | 1320 | 22% (5–46) | 3 | 1320 | 4% (0–9) | 3 | 1320 | 3% (1–6) | |
UN Sustainable Development Goals regional or subregional groupings were used for regional classification and World Bank income classification was used for income level. HR-HPV=high-risk HPV. HPV=human papillomavirus.
The number of studies in each region does not add to the global number of studies because Vardas et al80 and Sudenga et al73 included more than one country or region.
The number of studies in Eastern Asia is different to the number of studies in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia because subregional estimates were generated only for studies in the subregions for which the total number of men was at least 500, which excluded one study in South-Eastern Asia.48
Vardas et al80 was included in both subregions of Europe and Northern America but is counted only once for the region of Europe and Northern America.