Table 5.

Comparison of validity measures of biomarker composites and aAQP4 testing to differentiate between acute NMOSD and acute RRMS

	Time included in ROC model	N	AUC†	Sensitivity†	Specificity
Composite 1§ nEla, MPO, NGAL, MMP-8	No	57	90 (79 to 100)	87 (62 to 96)‡	81
	Yes	55	96 (90 to 100)	100 (77 to 100)‡	76
Composite 2§ nEla, MPO, NGAL, MMP-8, TIMP-1	No	57	94 (84 to 100)	87 (62 to 96)‡	100
	Yes	55	98 (94 to 100)	92 (67 to 99)‡	100
aAQP4 test performance*	T-IIF			79 (69 to 87)	100
	ELISA			60 (44 to 73)	97
	EI-M1/M23			90 (78 to 96)	95
	Fixed cell-based assay			94 (82 to 98)	98
	Live cell-based assay			92 (78 to 97)	100

*Prain et al.²⁷

†Values are 95% CI.

‡Sensitivity values were calculated by Wilson method.

§Data based on modelling of combined cohorts, with patients without corticosteroid pretreatment.

aAQP4, anti-aquaporin-4 antibody; AUC, area under the curve; EI-M1/M23, Neuroimmune M1/M23 biochip slide; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; MPO, myeloperoxidase; nEla, neutrophil elastase; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NMOSD, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; ROC, receiver operating characteristics; RRMS, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; T-IIF, tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence; TIMP-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1.